(Available online 1 April 2019)
Vol 8, No 1 (2019): (Available online 1 April 2019)
Supomo Supomo
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The effectiveness of art therapy with sand play method on behavioral disorders, emotional problems, and communication skills of children
Parisa Yaghoobian Seyedeh Olia Emadian
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The factors associated with discharge against medical advice: Comparing older and younger patients in ShahidBeheshti Hospital Complex, Kashan-Iran
Afsaneh Kogaie Bidgoli Yadollah Abolfathi Momtaz Marzieh Khamehchian Tahere Mansouri Vahidreza Borhaninejad
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Comparison of intramuscular injection of ketorolac and conventional treatment in the field of cost-effectiveness, length of stay and pain relief in patients admitted to the emergency department with renal colic
Rosana Hexam Mahdi Rezai Delaram Delbari Yasaman Sadat Keshmiri Hamed Aghdam Darab Zohri
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Antimicrobial susceptibility and the pattern of a biofilm-forming pair of organisms from patients treated in intensive care units in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Indonesia
Dewi Klarita Furtuna Kartuti Debora Eddy Bagus Wasito
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Comparison of the technical efficiency of the hospital sector: Panel data analysis of the Iranian hospitals using parametric and non-parametric approaches
Mohammad Mehdi Kiani Behzad Raei Parivash Afradi Asbagharani Mahmood Yousefi Seyed Abdolhossein Mousavi Rigi Marzieh Salehi Shabnam Mirabi Shiraz
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Dewandaru fruit extracts (Eugenia uniflora L) reduce oxidative stress and increase Superoxide Dismutase level in excessive activity-induced rats
Puguh Santoso I Made Bakta I.B. Putra Manuaba Baus Komang Satriyasa
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Correlation between serum S100β protein level with neurological deficit in patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage
Poppy Kristina Sasmita Ismail Setyopranoto Samekto Wibowo Ahmad Hamim Sadewa
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Analysis of Soluble Cluster of Differentiation 40 Ligand (SD40L) levels between thrombocyte apheresis and thrombocyte whole blood products in Sanglah General Hospital blood bank
Ni Kadek Mulyantari I Putu Yuda Prabawa
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Validation Test of Indonesian Female Sexual Function Index (Indonesian FSFI)
Nuring Pangastuti Budi Iman Santoso Denny Agustiningsih Ova Emilia
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Dengue hemorrhagic fever: The role of Soluble E-Selektin, Soluble Intra Cellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (Sicam-1) and Soluble Vascular Cellular Adhesion Molecule -1 (Svcam-1) in overweight children
Ni Kadek Elmy Saniathi Bambang Udji Djoko Rianto Mohammad Juffrie Soetjiningsih Soetjiningsih
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Correction of aggregation level of basic regular blood elements in patients with hypertension and dyslipidemia receiving rosuvastatin and non-medicinal treatment
Irina Alexandrovna Skoryatina Ilya Nikolayevich Medvedev
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Diagnostics of early dysfunctions of anticoagulant and fibrinolytic features of rats’ vessels in the course of metabolic syndrome formation with the help of fructose model
Boris Veniaminovich Usha Svetlana Yurevna Zavalishina Yuri Anatolyevich Vatnikov Evgeniy Vladimirovich Kulikov Vladimir Ivanovich Kuznetsov Nikolay Vladimirovich Sturov Margarita Vasilievna Kochneva Anton Alexandrovich Poddubsky Alina Vadimovna Petryaeva Tatyana Ivanovna Glagoleva
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Aspects of Salmonellosis pathogenesis using chicken models
Lenchenko E. M. Lozovoy D. A. Gavrilov V.A. Gnezdilova L. A. Vera N. Zimina V. N. Kuznetsov V. L. Annikov V. V. Medvedev I. N. Petryaeva E. V.
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Effect of a combination of arterial hypertension and insulin resistance on hemostasis activity
Svetlana Yurevna Zavalishina Yuri Anatolyevich Vatnikov Evgeniy Vladimirovich Kulikov Tursumbay Satimbaevich Kubatbekov Ilya Fedorovich Vilkovysky Alexander Konstantinovich Petrov Andrey Leonidovich Tishchenko Stanislav Gennadievich Drukovsky Andrei Nikolaevich Zharov Victor Nikolaevich Grishin Tatyana Ivanovna Glagoleva
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Preparedness of Hormozgan province hospitals against disasters in 2016
Salahaddin Safari Lafti Somayeh Hessam Abbas Yazdanpanah
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A randomized control trial related to meal order of fruit, vegetable and high glycaemic carbohydrate in healthy adults and its effects on blood glucose levels and waist circumference
Damas Satrio Nagoro Didik Gunawan Tamtomo Dono Indarto
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Balinese Traditional Beliefs and Epilepsy
Dewa Putu Gede Purwa Samatra
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Correlation between Leucocyte Count, Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), C-reactive Protein (CRP) and Coronary Artery Stenosis Degree on Stable Coronary Artery Disease
Edward Kurnia Setiawan L Purwanto Adhipireno Imam Budiwiyono
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The relationship between sodium, potassium, and hypothyroidism in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients
Indranila Kustarini Samsuria
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Analysis of Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) level on Medical Check-up (MCU) Participants
Linda Rosita Gloscindy Arma Occifa
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Comparison of HbA1c measurement methods between automatic boronate affinity point of care testing and high-performance liquid chromatography
Ricky Tjahjadi Astuti Giantini
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The role of social support and coping strategies in the prediction of psychological well-being in type 2 diabetic patients of Zahedan
Azizollah Mojahed Mahbubeh Fallah Alireza Ganjali Zahra Heidari
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Laser acupuncture at BL20 Point Stimulate Pancreatic Beta cell in type 1 diabetes mellitus
Abdurachman H. Suhariningsih Suhariningsih Agus Rubiyanto
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The impact of health reform on maternal and child health indicators in developing countries: A systematic review
Hossein Jabbari Beyrami Salaheddin Asadi Leila Doshmangir
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Assessment of outcome of using amniotic membrane enriched with stem cells in scar formation and wound healing in patients with burn wounds
Mohamad Hossein Lashgari Mohamad Hossein Hesami Rostami Omid Etemad
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The association between hypertension, physical activity, and brushing technique with periodontal disease
Indirawati Tjahja Notohartojo Made Lely Suratri Vivi Setiawaty
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The effect of communication skills training on the self-efficacy of nurses: a systematic review and meta-analysis study
Mojtaba Fattahi Ardakani Mohammad Ali Morowati Sharifabad Mohammad Amin Bahrami Amin Salehi Abargouei
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Effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy to IFNγ and TNFα expression in pregnant Rattus novergicus infected with Tachyzoite of Toxoplasma gondii
Arif Rahman Nurdianto A Aryati Mohammad Guritno Suryokusumo M Mufasirin
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Investigating the impact of the Emergency Department's overcrowding on educational indices and emergency deputies' satisfaction with clinical education
Mehdi Yarahmadi Mehri Ayati
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Strategic alignment, meaningful work, and employee engagement among teaching hospital's workforce in 2017
Hasan Abolghasem Gorgi Hamed Fattahi Azad Shokri Fatemeh Manafi Samira Alirezaei Mozhgan Sadat Ghaemmohamadi Mahmoud Khodadost Khadije Maajani
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Genetic polymorphism in CYP1A1 affected susceptibility to acne vulgaris in Pekanbaru Indonesian Population, Desember 2013 - Maret 2014
Endang Darmani Eryati Darwin Irma Damayanti Adnil Edwin Nurdin
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Concentrations of endothelin-1 associated with aging of prehypertension patients in Denpasar and Badung Districts, Bali, Indonesia.
Luh Gede Sri Yenny
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Correlation between Superoxide Dismutase Level and Disease Activity of Vitiligo
Nelva K Jusuf Kamaliah Muis Kharina Y Putri
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Affecting Factors on nurses outflows in Iran 2018: a systematic review
Soudabeh Vatankhah Samira Alirezaei Hasan Abolghasem Gorji
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Botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) to improve the treatment of keloid and hypertrophic scars: A double-blinded randomized clinical trial
Imam Habibi Allahyar Taheri Keshvad Hedayatyanfard Farzaneh Farazmand Behnam Habibi
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The effect of mustard greens (Brassica rapa l.) ethanol extract on blood glucose and malondialdehyde levels of hyperglycemic Wistar rats
Sri Wahjuni I Wayan Gede Gunawan Ika Yolanda Dewi Malindo
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Validity of Pediatric Yorkhill Malnutrition Score to detect pediatric hospitalized malnutrition
Benny Herlianto I Gusti Lanang Sidiartha I Gusti Ayu Putu Eka Pratiwi
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Therapeutic drug monitoring of rifampicin, isoniazid, and pyrazinamide in newly-diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis outpatients in Denpasar area
Ida Ayu Alit Widhiartini Made Agus Gelgel Wirasuta Dewa Made Sukrama Ida Bagus Ngurah Rai
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The role of circulating MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) in epithelial ovarian cancer
Addin Trirahmanto Sofa Mubarika Haryana Moh Hakimi Heru Pradjatmo
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Mangosteen extract reduce apoptosis via inhibition of oxidative process in rat model of traumatic brain injury
RR Suzy Indharty Iskandar Japardi Andre MP Siahaan Steven Tandean
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The impact of the severity of HIV infection on the prevalence of liver fibrosis in children
Ida Bagus Gde Suwibawa Putra Ketut Dewi Kumara Wati I Putu Gede Karyana I Gusti Ngurah Sanjaya Putra Ni Nyoman Metriani Nesa
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The effect of storage on energy, carbohydrate, fat, and protein content of breast milk
Putu Andina Pramitasari I Gusti Lanang Sidiartha I Gusti Ayu Putu Eka Pratiwi
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The combination effect of brisk walking and relaxation toward hs-crp and anxiety levels in subject with central obesity in Singaraja, Bali
Ketut Indra Purnomo Muchsin Doewes Suroto Suroto Bhisma Murti Made Kurnia Widiastuti Giri
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Correlation of VEGF-C tissue expression and cervical lesion diameter on cervical cancer patients given neoadjuvant therapy
Heru Priyanto Ambar Mudigdo Andrijono Andrijono Bhisma Murti
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The relationship between ABO blood group typing with tinea corporis and or tinea cruris in Tanjung Gusta Prison, Medan-Indonesia
Marlentine M Nelva K Jusuf Kamaliah Muis
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Thiol-producing microbiota of the intestine modulate oxidative stress and inflammation in Chronic Kidney Disease
Ika Nindya Kadariswantiningsih Mochammad Thaha Cahyo Wibisono Nugroho Maulana Antiyan Empitu
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Analysis of serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D level in keloid patients
Vira Indhiratamin Damanik Imam B Putra Oratna Ginting
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Bacterial pattern and its susceptibility toward antibiotic on burn infection in Burn Unit Sanglah General Hospital
Anak Agung Bagus Bramardipa I Dewa Made Sukrama Ni Nyoman Sri Budayanti
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A new modified medium for Simultaneous Cystinase and elek tests of bacteria causing diphtheria
Fitriana Fitriana Sunarno Sunarno Armaji Kamaludi Syarif Muhammad Karyana Yeva Rosana Lucky Hartati Moehario
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Comparison of TLR2/1, NF-кB p105/50, NF-кB p65, and TNF-α expressions in the macrophages between multibacillary leprosy patients with and without erythema nodosum leprosum signifying innate immune system activity
M Yulianto Listiawan
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The build-up phase outcome of subcutaneous immunotherapy for pediatric allergic asthma: A retrospective cohort study from Surabaya, Indonesia
Anang Endaryanto
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The role of stem cell metabolites derived from placenta for skin regeneration: An in vitro study
Purwati Sumorejo Muhammad Yulianto Listiawan Ardhiah Iswanda Putri Fedik Abdul Rantam Helen Susilowati Eryk Hendrianto
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The potency of Centella asiatica in protecting organs of rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Fitria Dhenok Palupi Brian Wasita Adi Magna Patriadi Nuhriawangsa
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The antiplasmodial activity of chalcone derivative through the inhibition of haemozoin formation and the induction of stomatocytes formation
Lilik Wijayanti Kristanto Yuli Yarso Bambang Purwanto Ambar Mudigdo Hery Suwito Paramasari Dirgahayu Mustofa Mustofa
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Evaluation of human errors using Standardized Plant Analysis Risk among health provider personnel in a hospital in Qazvin Province in 2016-2017
Mohammad Reza Moddaber Batoul Ahmadi Ali Mohammad Mosadeghrad
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Analysis of Serum Leptin Levels in Skin Tag Patients
Raja Nurhayati Imam Budi Putra Remenda Siregar
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The correlation of Lipoprotein (a) with the severity of ischemic stroke in Dr. Soedono General Hospital, Madiun, Indonesia
Rahma Yuantari Dinik Wuriyanti Djoko Siswantoro
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Neurocritical care for traumatic brain injury in intensive care unit of Dr H. Andi Abdurahman Noor Hospital, Indonesia
Komang Werdhi Sentosa Yehezkiel Yehezkiel
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Relation of risk factors, management, and outcome of preeclampsia patients at Haji Adam Malik Hospital Medan Indonesia 2014-2015
Azano Syahriza Sitepu Risman Kaban Johny Marpaung Delfi Lutan M Oky Prabudi Marwan Indamirsyah
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Blood supply in emergency cases: A brief review
Sianny Herawati Tjokorda Gde Agung Senapathi
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Surgical transplantation of impacted maxillary incisor: A case report
Agus Dwi Sastrawan Bambang Widjanarko Endang Sjamsudin
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Optic Nerve Sheath Schwannoma of the Orbit: A case report
Nyoman Golden
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Mutation of the Fas-promoter-670 gene, AA to GA in the normal cervix-epithelial-cells of high risk Indonesian mother: A case report
Mauritius Lambertus Edy Parwanto Raditya Wratsangka Assangga Guyansyah Kirana Anggraeni
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Utilization of modified digital subtraction angiography in a child with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis presenting with autism spectrum disorder symptoms: A novel approach
Ardianto Pramono Ristaniah Soetikno Achmad Hussein Sundawa Kartamihardja Tinni Trihartini Maskoen Terawan Agus Putranto Erwin Setiawan
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Introduction to dendritic cell vaccines immunotherapy for glioblastoma multiforme : A novel approach
Terawan Agus Putranto Djoko Wibisono Nyoto Widyo Astoro Martina Lily Yana Yudo Rantung Ida Bagus Amertha Putra Manuaba
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Influence of zinc supplementation in eosinophil nasal mucous count and quality of life in moderate to severe persistent allergic rhinitis patient in ENT clinic Dr. Kariadi hospital Semarang in November 2016 until January 2017
Atik Masdarinah Sudadi Riece Hariyati Anna Mailasari Kusuma Dewi
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The effect of acupressure on respiratory indices in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation
Mojdeh Navidhamidi Jaleh Mohammad Aliha Nasim Mehranfard Anoshirvan Kazemnejad
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The 5th WFNS Spine Committee Biennial Conference in conjunction with The 22nd Annual Scientific Meeting of Indonesian Neurosurgical Society (INS), The 12th Asian Epilepsy Surgery Congress (AESC) and, The 2nd International Fujita Bantane Interim Meeting
BMJ BMJ
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17th Annual Scientific Meeting and 9th Work Congress Of Indonesian Clinical Pathologist Association and Laboratory Medicine: Strengthening of Clinical Pathology in Facing Sustainable Development Goals (SDGS)
PIT KONKER PDS Patklin Bali
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Correlation of Interleukin-6 serum level and surgical site infection in post major surgery patient
Supomo SupomoCorrelation of Interleukin-6 serum level and surgical site infection in post major surgery patient
Background: Surgical site infections (SSI) are a common surgery complication which early diagnosis is important to initiate an adequate therapy promptly. Objective: To explore the possibility of using serum Interleukin-6 (IL-6) in patients who had major surgery as a biomarker to predict SSI. Patients and Methods: From October to December 2011, 50 patients who underwent major surgery in Sardjito General Hospital Department of Surgery, Yogyakarta were followed up for their IL-6 serum on the third day following the surgery. The patients were also assessed whether they contracted SSI or not. Results: SSI was present in sixteen out of 45 patients (35.6%). The serum IL-6 level was higher in the group which SSI present where 84.5% of the sample was higher than 10 pg/ml. The Chi-square test showed SSI is related to abnormal IL-6 level (OR 4.941, p<0.05). Conclusion: Post-operative IL-6 higher than normal serum level was associated with SSI. The result indicates that IL-6 serum level may be a useful predictor of the occurrence of SSI in patients who underwent major surgery.
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The effectiveness of art therapy with sand play method on behavioral disorders, emotional problems, and communication skills of children
Parisa Yaghoobian, Seyedeh Olia EmadianThe effectiveness of art therapy with sand play method on behavioral disorders, emotional problems, and communication skills of children
The main purpose of the present research is studying the effectiveness of art therapy with sand play method on behavioral disorders, emotional problems, and communication skills of children. This research had done with semi-experimental method by pretest-posttest plan with control group. The sample of this study was all elementary school boys in first urban area of Tehran city, which were 12500 students. Multi-stage random cluster sampling method used between 24 areas of Tehran
to achieve the purpose. The information gathering tools were Rutter Questionnaire (Teacher Form) for measuring behavioral disorders, Ashbanah (teacher form) for measuring emotional problems, and SDQ (Teacher Form) for measuring children's communication skills which was given to teachers for data collection. Thirty students randomly divided into two experimental and control groups (15 students for experimental group and 15 for control group). The presence of symptoms of behavioral disorder, emotional problems, and communication skills, and the age range of 6-12 years were requirements for experimental group. The experimental group subjected to sand play therapy in 10 sessions of 30 minutes. No training provided for the control group. The findings analyzed using covariance analysis. The results showed that the mean score of behavioral disorder in the experimental group was lower than the control group after the sand play therapy. The emotional problems in the experimental group were lower than the control group after the sand play therapy. The mean of communication skills in the experimental group was more than the control group after the art therapy with sand play method.
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The factors associated with discharge against medical advice: Comparing older and younger patients in ShahidBeheshti Hospital Complex, Kashan-Iran
Afsaneh Kogaie Bidgoli, Yadollah Abolfathi Momtaz, Marzieh Khamehchian, Tahere Mansouri, Vahidreza BorhaninejadThe factors associated with discharge against medical advice: Comparing older and younger patients in ShahidBeheshti Hospital Complex, Kashan-Iran
Background: This study was conducted to compare the rate of discharge by personal wishes and its causes in older and younger patients. Methods: This descriptive analytical study was conducted on 35549 patients discharged from Shahid Beheshti Hospital Complex in Kashan, Iran, from April 2014 to April 2015. The patients discharged by their own wishes were divided into the older group (60 years old and above) and the younger group (age 20-59). and the reasons for their discharge were assessed and compared. And then in each group, the reasons for their discharge were assessed and then results compared in two group.
Results: The rate of hospital discharge by personal wishes was 4.81% in the study population, with 28.11% of cases pertaining to older patients and 71.88% of cases to younger patients.
Conclusions: According to the results obtained, marital status, education, duration of hospitalization and admission department can affect discharge by personal wishes in both older and younger patients. Certainty about recovery is one of the factors associated with discharge by personal wishes in both older and younger patients.
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Comparison of intramuscular injection of ketorolac and conventional treatment in the field of cost-effectiveness, length of stay and pain relief in patients admitted to the emergency department with renal colic
Rosana Hexam, Mahdi Rezai, Delaram Delbari, Yasaman Sadat Keshmiri, Hamed Aghdam, Darab ZohriComparison of intramuscular injection of ketorolac and conventional treatment in the field of cost-effectiveness, length of stay and pain relief in patients admitted to the emergency department with renal colic
Background: Pain resulting from the stone passage is one of the most severe and intractable pain experiences. The aim of our study is evaluating the effect of intra-muscular ketorolac on pain reduction; reduce the length of stay and cost of patients with renal colic.
Methods: This was a randomized clinical trial study which held in an academic emergency department (ED). Based on defined criteria, 222 patients with renal colic were randomized in two groups: half of them received a single intramuscular injection of 30 mg ketorolac, and other 111 patients got conventional treatment (hydration, morphine sulfate). Demographic characteristics, pain score after 30 minutes, the length of stay in ED, complications as well as hospital costs were recorded for both groups.
Result: The baseline characteristics and pain score were similar in the two groups (p>0.05). Ketorolac was significantly (p<0.001) more effective than conventional treatment in reducing pain score. Those treated with ketorolac left the ED significantly earlier than those treated with conventional treatment (65.54; 95%CI, 59.7-71.5 vs. 193.1; 95%CI, 172.8-215.2 minutes, p<0.001). Drug adverse effects (nausea, dizziness, and drowsiness) and cost of ketorolac group were significantly lower than the control group (43310 Tomans (110$) (95% CI, 42590-44030) vs. 150410 Tomans (350$) (95% CI, 240100-70940). (p<0.001).
Conclusion: This study showed that intramuscular ketorolac as a single agent for renal colic is cost-effective and promotes earlier discharge of renal colic patients from the ED.
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Antimicrobial susceptibility and the pattern of a biofilm-forming pair of organisms from patients treated in intensive care units in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Indonesia
Dewi Klarita Furtuna, Kartuti Debora, Eddy Bagus WasitoAntimicrobial susceptibility and the pattern of a biofilm-forming pair of organisms from patients treated in intensive care units in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Indonesia
Background: Biofilm-associated microorganisms can cause diseases by attachment to individual cells or groups of cells on the medical device surface. The organisms may grow resistant to antibiotics. These microorganisms can be prokaryote or eukaryote organisms existing in one of two forms: sessile or planktonic. The treatment of device-associated infections with a systemic antimicrobial agent is usually ineffective.
Purpose: To find the pattern of biofilm-forming organisms and the antimicrobial susceptibility from medical devices attached to patients, so that the therapeutic management can be more accurate and useful.
Method: From 86 specimens that were analyzed, only 36 specimens showed organism growth and ability to form a biofilm. From 36 isolates analyzed for the ability to form a biofilm, only 31 isolates were in planktonic and sessile form, which were then identified and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility because the density produced was greater or equal to 0,4 (cutoff ≥ 0,4).
Result: Planktonic Escherichia coli from urinary and intravenous catheters matched 100% with the sessile form on the devices, as well as Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Gram-positive cocci found was Staphylococcus aureus. Planktonic Staphylococcus aureus from urinary and intravenous catheters matched 100% with the sessile form on the devices.
Conclusion: When in planktonic form, an organism may be sterile, but the sessile form is not always sterile. The antimicrobial chosen to treat the patient should match the antimicrobial susceptibility test based on the planktonic and sessile forms of biofilm.
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Comparison of the technical efficiency of the hospital sector: Panel data analysis of the Iranian hospitals using parametric and non-parametric approaches
Mohammad Mehdi Kiani, Behzad Raei, Parivash Afradi Asbagharani, Mahmood Yousefi, Seyed Abdolhossein Mousavi Rigi, Marzieh Salehi, Shabnam Mirabi ShirazComparison of the technical efficiency of the hospital sector: Panel data analysis of the Iranian hospitals using parametric and non-parametric approaches
Objective: to investigate productivity and efficiency linked to the hospitals affiliated Boshehr province before and after the implementation of the HSTP.
Material and Method: this study is a descriptive-analytical kind conducted by applying a panel data for a 5- Year time horizon. The study was carried out on 8 teaching and non-teaching hospitals of Boshehr Province. An input- oriented DEA technique combined with SFA and Malmquist indices were used to estimate the efficiency and productivity changes. Data were analyzed using Excel.22 and DEA-solver learning version 8 Software.
Result: Our results illustrated that efficiency and technological changes over the study span were -3% and +17%, respectively. As a corollary, Malmquist index has experienced an ongoing trend equaling +14%. In spite of being a progressive trend in technical efficiency based on SFA model, the technical efficiency of the hospitals examined was not favorable.
Conclusion: Estimates on the basis of Malmquist index revealed that a 5-year average productivity change was +14%. However, the implementation of health system transformation plan (HSTP) has no statistically significant effect on that. So, there is considerable room for improving technical efficiency or cost containment by way of employing unused capacity or expanding outputs.
Keyboards: Malmquist index, productivity, DEA and SFA
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Dewandaru fruit extracts (Eugenia uniflora L) reduce oxidative stress and increase Superoxide Dismutase level in excessive activity-induced rats
Puguh Santoso, I Made Bakta, I.B. Putra Manuaba, Baus Komang SatriyasaDewandaru fruit extracts (Eugenia uniflora L) reduce oxidative stress and increase Superoxide Dismutase level in excessive activity-induced rats
Background:Oxidative stress occurs when free radicals are higher than antioxidants. This condition can trigger various cell damage, and degenerative disease such as heart disease, cancer, premature aging, various diseases such as alzhemir, atherosclerosis. Oxidative stress can be caused by excessive physical activities. The damage caused by oxidative stress can be measured through levels of Malondihaldehide (MDA), F2-Isoprostane, 8OHdG and SOD.Dewandaru fruit (Eugenia uniflora L) which contains many high antioxidant compounds such as phenol, flavonoid, and anthocyanin compounds can prevent excessive oxidation caused by maximum physical activities. This research was conducted to test Dewandaru fruit extract in its activity to reduce oxidative level through decrease MDA, F2-isoprostan, 8OHdG and increase SOD.
Methods: Design this experimental study was purely randomized post-test only control group design, with 24 rats. The subjects were divided into four groups, firstly the control group of rat were given maximal physical activity exercise (K) as control, P1, P2, and P3, dose 50 mg / kgbb, dose 100 mg / kgbb, dose 200 mg / kgbb rat given maximum physical activity and n-butanol extract of Dewandaru fruit. Checking MDA, F2 Isoprostan, 8 OHdG and SOD with Elisa method.
Result:The results of one way anova test at dose 50 mg / kgbb P1, dose 100 mg / kgbb and dose 200 mg / kg bb there is significant difference compared to control, obtained p value <0,05 both on variable MDA, Isoprostan, 8-OHdG, SOD. At a dose of 200 mg / kgbb showed an average decrease in MDA levels of 3.69 ± 0.78 μmol / L, F2-Isoprostan 2.02 ± 0.67 ng / L, 8-OHdG 1.69 ± 0.29 ng / mL and an increase in mean of SOD 23,93 ± 0,60 U / L.
Conclusion:The result of this study showed Dewandaru fruit extracts of n-butanol dose 50 mg/kgBB, 100 mg/kgBB and 200 mg/kgBB significantly reduced MDA, Isoprostan , 8-OhdG and increase SOD (p < 0.05) in Wistar rats given maximum physical activities
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Correlation between serum S100β protein level with neurological deficit in patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage
Poppy Kristina Sasmita, Ismail Setyopranoto, Samekto Wibowo, Ahmad Hamim SadewaCorrelation between serum S100β protein level with neurological deficit in patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage
Purpose: This study aimed to assess the relationship between S100β protein with neurological
deficit and mortality within 1 week in patients with Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) stroke. And
also, to determine the relationship between hematoma volume with S100β protein.
Patients and Methods: a prospective observational cohort study. Patients with sampling from
consecutive admission from August 2016 to December 2017 were performed head CT Scan, met
inclusion and exclusion criteria. Neurological deficits as ascertained with National Institute of
Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Blood samples were taken at the admission to the hospital and on the
7th day of onset.
Results: There were 46 patients with 25 men (54.3%) and 42 controls with a median age of 56 (31-
76) and 34.5 (21-67) years. The most risk factor was hypertension (78,3%). Median onset of acute
ICH stroke was 8.5 (0.5-48) hours. Median level of consciousness according to Glasgow Coma
Scale (GCS) at the admission to the hospital was 14 (3-15) and the NIHSS was 11.50 (0-37). Serum
S100β protein levels correlated significantly with NIHSS (r=0.418;p=0.004). Area Under Curve
(AUC) of S100β was 0.839±0.103 (95% CI, 0.638-1.000), cutoff level was 28,505 pg/mL with 80%
sensitivity and 87.8% specificity (p=0.014). Serum S100β protein levels associated significantly
with mortality within 1 week (p=0.032). The hematoma volume correlated with S100β protein
levels (r=0.678;p<0.001).
Conclusion: S100β protein was significant correlation with neurological deficits. S100β protein
was associated significantly with mortality within 1 week. The hematoma volume was significant
correlation with S100β protein.
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Analysis of Soluble Cluster of Differentiation 40 Ligand (SD40L) levels between thrombocyte apheresis and thrombocyte whole blood products in Sanglah General Hospital blood bank
Ni Kadek Mulyantari, I Putu Yuda PrabawaAnalysis of Soluble Cluster of Differentiation 40 Ligand (SD40L) levels between thrombocyte apheresis and thrombocyte whole blood products in Sanglah General Hospital blood bank
Background: Platelet transfusion leaves many problems and controversies such as short storage times, high risk of contamination, poor therapeutic response and often results in transfusion reactions. Transfusion reactions are associated with platelet storage lesion. Increased storage lesions will increase the biological response modifiers such as soluble cluster of differentiation 40 ligand (sCD40L). Soluble CD40L is associated with febrile, allergic and TRALI transfusion reactions. Given the negative impact of sCD40L, it is essential to analyze the level of sCD40L in platelets. Methods: This type of research was an analytical observational study. Samples were 10 thrombocytes of whole blood and apheresis on the first, second and third days of storage. Two milliliters of the product was centrifuged and plasma sCD40L was examined using the BioVendor ELISA method. Data were analyzed using the SPSS version 25 software. Results: The mean sCD40L level in thrombocyte apheresis based on storage times were 4.36±1.34 ng/mL (Day-1), 6.87±1.75ng/mL (Day-2), and 7.27±2.21 ng/mL (Day-3), while the mean sCD40L level in whole blood thrombocyte were 8.36±3.77 ng/mL (Day-1), 9.42±2.58 ng/mL (Day-2) and 11.10±4.02 ng/mL (Day-3). There were no significant differences in storage times in both groups (P>0.05). However, the mean sCD40L level in thrombocyte whole blood tended to be higher than the mean sCD40L level in thrombocyte apheresis. There was a significant positive correlation between storage times and sCD40L levels in the thrombocyte apheresis group (r = 0.549; P <0.05). ANOVA test suggested a statistically significant difference between storage times in TC Apheresis (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The mean sCD40L level in whole blood thrombocyte was higher than thrombocyte apheresis. There was a significant positive correlation and a statistically significant difference between storage times and sCD40L levels in thrombocyte apheresis.
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Validation Test of Indonesian Female Sexual Function Index (Indonesian FSFI)
Nuring Pangastuti, Budi Iman Santoso, Denny Agustiningsih, Ova EmiliaValidation Test of Indonesian Female Sexual Function Index (Indonesian FSFI)
Background:Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) is a multidimensional questionnaire that can show female sexual function. This questionnaire consists of 6 domains in which sexual desire, sexual arousal, lubrication, orgasm, sexual satisfaction and pain (19 questions in total). The questionnaire is useful for early detection of female sexual dysfunction complaints. The validated questionnaires are useful to support the overall validity of research data.
Purpose:To obtain an Indonesian FSFI questionnaire that is in accordance with the original questionnaire as well as valid and reliable for the usage in the Indonesian population.
Methods:Series ofvalidation testare conducted through several stages: forward translation, expert panel, backward-translation, pre-testing and cognitive interviewing, final version and documentation. The study was conducted by collecting data from 107 patients in reproductive health age (18-35 years old) in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta province, from January to March 2018.
Results:Indonesian version of Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI-I) iseasy also excellent to understand and assess the sexual function of women). The test value more than 0.300 (0.326-0.623)was considered as valid. One question (number 19) is 0.282, less than 0.300 but still valid because the value is more than r-table. Reliabilitytestof questionnaire was performed using Cronbach's Alpha with a high significant result of 0.844. Reliabilityretest testwas evaluated using V Aiken with a result of 0.833 showingFSFI having good content validity for all groups.
Conclusions:Indonesian version Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI-I) is valid and reliable in this study; however, it requires further study with larger samples widely used in Indonesia.
Keywords:Female Sexual Function Index, Indonesia, validation test
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Dengue hemorrhagic fever: The role of Soluble E-Selektin, Soluble Intra Cellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (Sicam-1) and Soluble Vascular Cellular Adhesion Molecule -1 (Svcam-1) in overweight children
Ni Kadek Elmy Saniathi, Bambang Udji Djoko Rianto, Mohammad Juffrie, Soetjiningsih SoetjiningsihDengue hemorrhagic fever: The role of Soluble E-Selektin, Soluble Intra Cellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (Sicam-1) and Soluble Vascular Cellular Adhesion Molecule -1 (Svcam-1) in overweight children
Introduction: Adhesion molecule (E-selectin, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1) have a crucial role in neutrophil extravasation caused by endothelial cell activation in viral Dengue infection. In overnutritious state, the serum adiponectin level is tend to be lower which limit its ability to inhibit the expression of pro inflammatory cytokines (TNFa, IL-6 and NF-kB) and adhesion molecules. There is also increased level of TNFα, IL-1 β, IL-6, IL-8 which increase the expression of adhesion molecules even further. However, the role of sE-selectin, sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 in pediatric DHF patient with overweight is need to be evaluated. Methods: An analytic observational nested case-control study was conducted in Paediatric Division Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia from January 2015 to October 2016 which DHF as a cases and DD as a control. Diagnosis of dengue infection was according to WHO 1997. Result: This study showed that overweight increased the risk of DSS although it was not statistically significant (OR: 2.67; 95%CI 0.72-9.95). The level of sE-selectin, sICAM-1, and sVCAM-1 yield no significant differences in all categories except for the level of sVCAM-1 in DF group. Conclusion: Role of sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 except sE-selektin showed that the means level of sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 in DHF, DF, DSS and non-DSS group with overweight was found to be consistently higher than normal weight but it was not statistically significant.
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Correction of aggregation level of basic regular blood elements in patients with hypertension and dyslipidemia receiving rosuvastatin and non-medicinal treatment
Irina Alexandrovna Skoryatina, Ilya Nikolayevich MedvedevCorrection of aggregation level of basic regular blood elements in patients with hypertension and dyslipidemia receiving rosuvastatin and non-medicinal treatment
Background: In the treatment of patients with hypertension and dyslipidemia, great attention has been devoted to hypolipidemic diet, graduated exercise and statins. Accordingly, a complex application of non-medication and statins to those patients is concerned in weakening of regular blood elements' aggregative ability. This study aims to establish the complex impact of rosuvastatin and nonmedicinal therapy on aggregative features of regular blood elements in patients with arterial hypertension and dyslipidemia.
Materials and Methods: There were 61 patients with grade I-II of hypertension, risk 3 with dyslipidemia of IIb type. All the patients were prescribed rosuvastatin, hypolipidemic diet, and graduated exercise. Enalapril 10 mg twice a day was given for hypotension. Registration of clinical and laboratory indices was made in 6, 12, 18, 52 and 104 weeks of therapy. Biochemical, hematological, and statistical methods of investigation were applied. There were 26 healthy volunteers as a control group.
Results: This study show a surplus aggregation of erythrocytes (aggregates' quantity rose to 44,4%), platelets (with ADP on 74,5%; with collagen - on 48,2%) and neutrophils (with lectin on 55,8%; with phytohemagglutinin - on 38,2%). During 104 weeks of therapy, it suggested a positively influenced lipid composition and level of lipid peroxidation in plasma as well as regular blood elements taking the given indices on the control level for 6 weeks. Fulfilled therapy show a normalized erythrocytes' aggregative abilities (aggregates' quantity decreased on 44,4%), platelets' aggregation (inhibited with ADP on 74,8%, with collagen - on 47,8%), and neutrophils (aggregation weakened with lectin on 55,8%, with phytohemagglutinin - on 38,2%) during 6 weeks. Reached results were kept in patients until the end of the investigation.
Conclusion: Rosuvastatin intervention give normalizes lipid composition and level of lipid peroxidation in plasma as well as regular blood elements for 6 weeks of study. In addition, it is also lowering erythrocytes' aggregative abilities as well as platelets and neutrophils during for 6 weeks of therapy.
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Diagnostics of early dysfunctions of anticoagulant and fibrinolytic features of rats’ vessels in the course of metabolic syndrome formation with the help of fructose model
Boris Veniaminovich Usha, Svetlana Yurevna Zavalishina, Yuri Anatolyevich Vatnikov, Evgeniy Vladimirovich Kulikov, Vladimir Ivanovich Kuznetsov, Nikolay Vladimirovich Sturov, Margarita Vasilievna Kochneva, Anton Alexandrovich Poddubsky, Alina Vadimovna Petryaeva, Tatyana Ivanovna GlagolevaDiagnostics of early dysfunctions of anticoagulant and fibrinolytic features of rats’ vessels in the course of metabolic syndrome formation with the help of fructose model
The optimal feature of anticoagulant and fibrinolytic of the vascular wall provides the major homeostasis process in the whole body of a mammal. It is impossible to track in clinic peculiarities of the earliest change in vascular hemostasis in a debut of metabolic syndrome formation. Thus, it dictates the necessity of conducting experimental researches on laboratory animals with modeling of metabolic syndrome within them. The aim of the research is to examine early stages of vascular hemocoagulation weakening control in conditions such as the formation of metabolic syndrome. The study used 61 male-rats of Wister line at the age of 2.5-3 months. The animals were subdivided into two groups: 32 rats received 10% fructose dilution with free access for drinking, and 29 rats to the control group. Biochemical, hematological and statistical methods of investigation were applied. We found that in high fructose level, there is a fast evident of a weakening of the anticoagulant and fibrinolytic activities of vascular endothelium as well as the body mass gain and development of biochemical abnormalities, which is typical for metabolic syndrome. The early weakening of vascular control over hemocoagulation turns metabolic syndrome into a very dangerous state because of thromboses, which may take place even at the very beginning of its development.
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Aspects of Salmonellosis pathogenesis using chicken models
Lenchenko E. M., Lozovoy D. A., Gavrilov V.A., Gnezdilova L. A., Vera N. Zimina V. N., Kuznetsov V. L., Annikov V. V., Medvedev I. N., Petryaeva E. V.Aspects of Salmonellosis pathogenesis using chicken models
Salmonellosis (also called “a disease of civilization”) is widespread across the globe, including the Russian Federation. Hence, measures to lower the morbidity of human beings, animals, and to limit propagation of infectious causative agents are needed. We studied colonization resistance and Salmonella typhimurium №5715 dissemination into chickens’ tissues and organs. The duration of the experiment was 30 days. We identified microorganisms to study colonization resistance of bowels and salmonella dissemination into chickens’ tissues and organs. We used the microscope “H604T Trinocular Unico” for morphological studies. We noticed acute and subacute course of salmonellosis, extensive vessel hemorrhages, cyanosis, hyperemia, numerous dotted and spotted hemorrhages in chickens’ tissues and organs. Pathological signs developed were accidental transformation of thymus, bursa of Fabricius’ atrophy, hyperplasia of the spleen, catarrhal-hemorrhagic pericarditis, air sacculusis, enteritis, perihepatitis, stagnant hemorrhagic infarct of kidneys. Common symptoms of infection were observed, such as exudation and infiltration, increase of plasma clumps, macrophage reactions, perivascular edema, and disseminated thrombosis. The study confirms that salmonellosis is a dangerous disease that can affect many organs and requires etiologic and pathogenetic treatment.
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Effect of a combination of arterial hypertension and insulin resistance on hemostasis activity
Svetlana Yurevna Zavalishina, Yuri Anatolyevich Vatnikov, Evgeniy Vladimirovich Kulikov, Tursumbay Satimbaevich Kubatbekov, Ilya Fedorovich Vilkovysky, Alexander Konstantinovich Petrov, Andrey Leonidovich Tishchenko, Stanislav Gennadievich Drukovsky, Andrei Nikolaevich Zharov, Victor Nikolaevich Grishin, Tatyana Ivanovna GlagolevaEffect of a combination of arterial hypertension and insulin resistance on hemostasis activity
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Preparedness of Hormozgan province hospitals against disasters in 2016
Salahaddin Safari Lafti, Somayeh Hessam, Abbas YazdanpanahPreparedness of Hormozgan province hospitals against disasters in 2016
Introduction: As the most critical medicinal establishment, hospitals ought to be prepared for responsibility and appropriate administration of catastrophes before the accidents.
There must be readied operational plans available to cope with the critical conditions, and awareness of the significance of the persuasive influential is fundamental.
The aim of this study was to identify and prioritize the factors effective in disaster preparedness in hospitals of Hormozgan in 2016.
Method: In terms of purpose, the study is applied conducted using descriptive-survey method. The study was conducted in three steps. In the first step, library studies method was utilized for identifying the main components of preparedness for disasters in hospitals; in the second stage, Delphi method was used to identify the factors effective in disasters; and in the third step, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to prioritize the effective factors. Data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire scored based on a 5-point Likert scale. The validity of the questionnaire was assessed through the experts’ judgment, and the reliability was measured by Pearson correlation method (0.89). SPSS 22 was used to analyze the data.
Findings: Based on the various factors of disaster management in the hospitals, the most important factors in the preparation stage considering the priority are given below. These include formulation of Emergency Operations Plan (EOP) in treatment in the province (weight 0.02895), creation, reinforcing, and advancement of Emergency Operation Center (EOC) at the province level (weight 0.02745), and providing logical strategies for dealing with crises and environmental incidents (weight 0.02716). Moreover, we have developing a comprehensive annual exercise program for exercising and maneuvering from health home level to the reference hospital (weight of 0.02496), and the center of disaster management training and practice program at the province (weight 0.02185).
Conclusion: for more preparedness against disasters, it is necessary that Hormozgan hospitals put establishing, strengthening and developing a disaster management center on the agenda of managers. Besides, the viable elements recognized in this investigation can be utilized as a suitable guidance for better disaster preparedness.
Keywords: Preparedness, Disasters, HospitalFull Article (HTML) | download PDF
A randomized control trial related to meal order of fruit, vegetable and high glycaemic carbohydrate in healthy adults and its effects on blood glucose levels and waist circumference
Damas Satrio Nagoro, Didik Gunawan Tamtomo, Dono IndartoA randomized control trial related to meal order of fruit, vegetable and high glycaemic carbohydrate in healthy adults and its effects on blood glucose levels and waist circumference
Background: The prevalence of obesity in adults has increased over the world, which results from changes in dietary intake and physical activity. Fruit consumption before meals decreases blood glucose level in patients with diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of meal order between fruit, vegetable and high glycaemic carbohydrate on blood glucose levels and WC in healthy adults.
Methods: Thirty healthy adults, who aged 30-40 years old, worked as teachers of primary schools in Mantrijeron district, Yogyakarta City, and had ≥ BMI, participated in this trial study and were randomly divided into five groups: 6 persons in the control group (C) given only 175 g steamed white rice (SWR), 6 in the treatment (T1) group given a meal with order 50g banana (BN) -175 g SWR-75 g broccoli (BR), 6 in the T2 group with SWR-BN - BR, 6 in the T3 group with BN+BR-SWR7 and 6 in the T4 group with SWR – BN+BR. Waist circumference and blood glucose levels were measured in the first and last days of intervention while daily intake was collected using the FFQ. All collected data were analyzed using independent t and ANOVA tests blood glucose levels with p value p<0.05.
Results: The T3 group had lower mean FBG and 1h ppBG levels than other groups while the lowest 1h ppBG levels group were in the T1 group after 3 days intervention. In addition, the highest reduction of WC was found in men and women in the T1 group. Inversed fruit consumption was positively associated with increase of FBL levels (OR=10.77; 95% CI: 0.393 – 295.109; p= 0.159).
In conclucion, fruit and vegetable consumptions before eating high glycaemic carbohydrate lower blood glucose levels and fruit consumption only before eating high glycaemic carbohydrate reduces WC in healthy adultsFull Article (HTML) | download PDF
Balinese Traditional Beliefs and Epilepsy
Dewa Putu Gede Purwa SamatraBalinese Traditional Beliefs and Epilepsy
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore Balinese traditional healers perception related to knowledge, belief, and health practice of epilepsy and their influence to the epilepsy patients.
Material and Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out between 1st and 20th February 2018. Balinese traditional healers, who were Hindu, and had treated epilepsy patients were recruited and had an interview. Demographic characteristics of respondents were noted.
Results: A total of sixteen respondents consisted of eight Balinese traditional healers and eight epilepsy patients were enrolled. It was found 87.5% of respondents said epilepsy was combination of medical and spiritual illness. The abnormality of body temperature (n=5, 62.5%), hereditary disease (n=2, 25%), and blood disorders (n=1, 12.5%) were their knowledge about etiology of epilepsy. The traditional opinion about epilepsy was about ancestor’s sin (n=4, 50%) and black magic (n=4, 50%). The patients were also given vary herbal medication contained plants, oil, roots, fruits, holy water and showed both positive and negative effect to the patients. According to the patients, issues of religious belief, accessibility, affordability, and economy were the reason of coming to the Balinese traditional healers at first.
Conclusion: Traditional belief were assumed to have a great impact in health system among Balinese communities along with medical therapy. This traditional belief should be one of health practices consideration while taking care of epilepsy patient.
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Correlation between Leucocyte Count, Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), C-reactive Protein (CRP) and Coronary Artery Stenosis Degree on Stable Coronary Artery Disease
Edward Kurnia Setiawan L, Purwanto Adhipireno, Imam BudiwiyonoCorrelation between Leucocyte Count, Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), C-reactive Protein (CRP) and Coronary Artery Stenosis Degree on Stable Coronary Artery Disease
Background: Inflammation plays an important role in stable coronary artery disease (SCAD). Leucocyte count, NLR and CRP are markers of atherogenic and inflammatory processes in the atherosclerosis formation. The stenosis degree indicates a visual evaluation of the percentage reduction of coronary diameter compare with normal coronary artery.
Objective: to determine the correlation of leucocyte count, NLR and CRP with the stenosis degree in SCAD.
Methods: Analytic-descriptive with cross sectional study in 35 patients with SCAD at Kariadi Hospital. The study was conducted during March-June 2018. Leucocyte count was measured by hematology analyzer. NLR was calculated as the ratio of absolute neutrophil cell count to absolute lymphocyte cell count. CRP was measured by i-chroma reader. Statistical analysis used Spearman test. p<0.05 was significance.
Result: Mean±SD leucocyte count, NLR, CRP respectively were 7,54 ± 2,03/µl; 2,10 ± 0,93 and 2,23 ± 1,68 mg/L. Correlation between leucocyte count, NLR, CRP and stenosis degree, respectively were (r= 0,189; p=0,277); (r=0,593; p=0,000); (r=-0,112, p=0,521).
Conclusion: There are no significant correlation between leucocyte count and CRP with stenosis degree in SCAD. There is strong positive correlation between NLR and stenosis degree in SCAD that can be used as evaluation marker for high risk patient with SCAD.
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The relationship between sodium, potassium, and hypothyroidism in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients
Indranila Kustarini SamsuriaThe relationship between sodium, potassium, and hypothyroidism in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients
Introduction: The thyroid hormone itself carries out a variety of metabolic functions including the regulation of lipids, carbohydrates, proteins and electrolytes, and mineral metabolism, which will affect electrolyte balance. The objective of this study was to look at the relationship between sodium and potassium, and hypothyroidism.
Methods: A cross-sectional study on subject data were taken retrospectively by looking at medical records of patients treated at Dr. Kariadi Hospital Semarang from 1 June 2017 to 1 June 2018 to see the relationship between serum sodium and potassium, and hypothyroidism.
Results: Sodium did not show significant correlation with thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroxine (T4) (p = .985 and p = .705).Correlation test between potassium and urea showed a significant relationship (p = .005 and r = .441). Likewise, regarding the relationship with creatinine, sodium did not show a significant correlation (p = .890 and r = .023), while potassium showed significant correlation (p = .003 and r = .466).
Conclusions: There was no significant relationship between serum sodium and potassium and thyroid hormone (TSH and T4). There is a significant positive correlation between ureum creatinine and potassium.
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Analysis of Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) level on Medical Check-up (MCU) Participants
Linda Rosita, Gloscindy Arma OccifaAnalysis of Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) level on Medical Check-up (MCU) Participants
Background: Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) is one of the most important biomarkers in the diagnosis, follow-up, and determining the prognosis of prostate cancer. PSA examination can be used to detect the progress of prostate cancer earlier. This research aimed to determine the distribution of PSA levels in male adults in Yogyakarta based on their age groups.
Methods: This study was a descriptive study. Data were taken from the medical records of Medical Check-Up (MCU) patients with no symptoms of prostate abnormality. The research subject was limited to adult men who undertook MCU at JIH Hospital Yogyakarta, with a total of 250 participants fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were taken from 2014 to 2018. Participants’ age was categorized into age groups. The mean, median, the lowest 95%, and the highest 95% were measured descriptively in each group.
Results: The mean serum PSA level was 1.42 ± 1.31 ng/ml in the under 40-year-old group, 1.05 ± 0.42 ng/ml in the 40-49-year-old group, 2.49 ± 5.02 ng/ml in the 50-59-year-old group, 24.83 ± 122.64 ng/ml in the 60-69-year-old group, 25.54 ± 42.59 ng/ml in the 70-79-year-old group, and 7.66 ± 6.72 ng/ml in the ≥ 80-year-old group. The level of PSA increased with age.
Conclusion: PSA levels in healthy adult men in Yogyakarta increased with age and PSA levels in Yogyakarta were higher than other populations across the world.
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Comparison of HbA1c measurement methods between automatic boronate affinity point of care testing and high-performance liquid chromatography
Ricky Tjahjadi, Astuti GiantiniComparison of HbA1c measurement methods between automatic boronate affinity point of care testing and high-performance liquid chromatography
Background: This study aimed to assess the comparison between two HbA1c analyzers, Alere Afinion AS100, a boronate affinity based point of care testing (POCT), and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) based analyzer Bio-Rad Variant II Turbo HbA1c kit-2.0 as reference method.
Methods: This study involved 120 samples of peripheral K3EDTA whole blood sent to Clinical Pathology Laboratory of Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital for HbA1c measurement. Based on reference method, 40 samples with HbA1c ≤ 6.4%, 40 samples with HbA1c > 6.4%, and 40 samples with variant hemoglobin or hemoglobinopathy were included. Precision and accuracy of both analyzers were assessed using control materials. The goodness of fit between these methods were assessed by Bland-Altman plot and Passing-Bablok regression test. Results were compared to National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program (NGSP) recommendations.
Results: Reference method had total error (TE) ranging from 3.15% to 4.9%, while Afinion ranged from 2.16% to 3.24%. Both methods correlated well with Passing-Bablok regression showing no proportional or systematic differences. Linearity between tests was proven by Cusum test value of p > 0.05. Bland-Altman plot yielded 91.74% goodness of fit. No significant differences were observed in hemoglobinopathy and variant hemoglobin analysis of HbA1c.
Conclusion: Afinion was precise, accurate, and linear to HPLC reference method. Both methods exhibited no systematic or proportional differences. Despite Bland-Altman plot of less than 95% goodness of fit, no clinically significant result was found based on NGSP criteria.
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The role of social support and coping strategies in the prediction of psychological well-being in type 2 diabetic patients of Zahedan
Azizollah Mojahed, Mahbubeh Fallah, Alireza Ganjali, Zahra HeidariThe role of social support and coping strategies in the prediction of psychological well-being in type 2 diabetic patients of Zahedan
Background: The necessity of studying the concept of social support in well-being experiences is evident by the theoretical and practical nature of psychological well-being including interpersonal relations and support. Social support can diminish the adverse effects of chronic diseases and help patients cope with their condition more effectively.
Aim: The aim of this study is examine the role of social support and coping strategies in the prediction of psychological well-being in type 2 diabetic patients of the city of Zahedan, Iran.
Methods: The studied sample included 225 type 2 diabetic patients. All patients referred to the Aliasghar Hospital of Zahedan’s Diabetes Center from 10/11/2015 to 03/02/2016 included in the study. The Ryff’s 18-item Psychological Well-being Scales, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and the Coping Strategies Questionnaire administered to the subjects (N=225), and the scores were analyzed using inferential statistics (correlation coefficient and stepwise multivariate regression analysis).
Results: The Results suggested that there was a significant positive correlation between social support and coping strategies with psychological well-being. Results from the regression analysis demonstrated that from six predictor variables out of a 12-variable model, the perceived support from a significant other, avoidance-oriented coping, emotion-oriented coping, and perceived family support can predict 25.4% of the psychological well-being of type 2 diabetic patients, respectively, regarding their predictive power.
Conclusion: According to the results, it can concluded that there is a relationship between social support and coping strategies with psychological well-being.
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Laser acupuncture at BL20 Point Stimulate Pancreatic Beta cell in type 1 diabetes mellitus
Abdurachman H., Suhariningsih Suhariningsih, Agus RubiyantoLaser acupuncture at BL20 Point Stimulate Pancreatic Beta cell in type 1 diabetes mellitus
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) case continues to rise as WHO reported that the number of adults suffering from DM had almost quadrupled since 1980 to 422 million cases. Laser acupuncture for DM therapy is performed by perpendicularly attaching laser probes to the body, and the laser light was directed to the acupuncture point until reaching the appropriate.
Aim: We aimed to investigate the laser acupuncture at BL20 point in type 1 diabetes mellitus in stimulating pancreatic beta cell.
Methods: Twenty-Two Rattus norvegicus were randomly divided into two groups. Rats in the L1 group were not radiated, while rats in the L2 group were radiated every two days for 12 days. Laser was radiated at BL20 acupuncture point. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels were measured in the 13th day by cutting tail. Pancreas tissue ware took to be further microscopically evaluated.
Results: The FBG level and immunohistochemistry of pancreatic beta cell between the two groups were compared using independent t-test and Spearman’s correlation test (p <0.05). Rats in L2 showed a significant decrease in FBG level, a significant increase pancreatic beta cell and Langerhans area.41 patients undergo hysteroscopy procedure dan endometrial biopsy.
Conclusion: This finding indicated that laser acupuncture at BL20 point could reduce FBG level, increase pancreatic beta cell and wider Langerhans area in type 1 diabetes mellitus.
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The impact of health reform on maternal and child health indicators in developing countries: A systematic review
Hossein Jabbari Beyrami, Salaheddin Asadi, Leila DoshmangirThe impact of health reform on maternal and child health indicators in developing countries: A systematic review
Abstract
Objective: The aim of the study has been designed and implemented aiming at investigating the impact of reform program on maternal and child health indicators in developing countries.
Method: This study was done as a systematic review by searching on SID, Magiran, Pubmed, Science Direct, and Scopus during 2000-2017. The searched keywords in Farsi databases: health reforms, impact of reforms on health, consequences of health reforms, maternal and child health indicators, and their Latin equivalences on English databases. Then data were entered in summary tables and at the next step were investigated and concluded.
Result: According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, the result of search was 2837 articles refined step by step and finally 19 articles were selected and analyzed. The results of national studies showed that after executing health reform program, the rate of cesarean section decreased about 2.5-4% in the country in the first three-month period of execution of the program and total status of realization of indicators was in a desirable level. Natural childbirth promotion program (free natural childbirth franchise indicator) was 90.8%. Global experiences also show that mortality rate of newborns decreased from 11.1% to 9.1% after reform and promotion of health system in Mozambique. Also, health reforms in Pakistan for developing health of mothers and newborns showed that beneficiaries should support evidence-based interventions for the sake of health of mothers and newborns. Finally, health reform in Indonesia, Nepal, Philippines, and India showed that the rate of mortality of mothers, newborns, and stillbirth has been reduced.
Conclusion: Results show that reforms have had a positive impact on maternal and child health indicators and the status of realization of indicators has reached an acceptable level through execution of reform and the main reasons for improvement in indicators are: extension of health system, increase in labour force, and more support by government for health system.
Keywords: Health reforms, Maternal and child health indicators, Developing countries, Systematic reviewFull Article (HTML) | download PDF
Assessment of outcome of using amniotic membrane enriched with stem cells in scar formation and wound healing in patients with burn wounds
Mohamad Hossein Lashgari, Mohamad Hossein Hesami Rostami, Omid EtemadAssessment of outcome of using amniotic membrane enriched with stem cells in scar formation and wound healing in patients with burn wounds
Background: In recent decades, various techniques include flaps and grafts have been deployed to heal deep burn wounds. All efforts tend to use a method which will cause faster epithelization and fewer scars. Amniotic membrane and stem-cells are shown to have unique properties in epithelization and wound healing for depth wounds.
Objective: There are many studies in which the prevalence of using fresh amniotic membrane has been discussed as a biological dressing. In this study, we used frozen amniotic membrane enriched with stem-cells to evaluate the outcomes of this biological combination on epithelization rate, wound healing and scar formation in third-degree burn wounds.
Method: In this study, we evaluated outcomes of using amniotic membrane enriched with stem-cells in the repair process of third-degree burn for 180 days after the reconstructive surgery. We divided the burn area into two sections of control (skin mesh graft only) and case (skin mesh graft with the dressing of amniotic membrane enriched with stem-cells). All patients were followed-up for 180-days to analyze the risk of infection, scar formation, and pain score during this period.
Results: Our findings showed that there is a significant difference between pain score in case and control group only during the first 7-days of follow-up. The mean Vancouver scar scale score in case group is less than it in the control group and has a statistically significant relationship with it. Prevalence of infection in case and control group showed no statistically significant difference and yet, there was a significant difference between satisfaction in both groups.
Conclusion: Using frozen amnion, in addition, to maintain the properties of fresh amnion, may reduce the risk of infection transfer. Also because of the unique properties of stem cells in reepithelization and wound healing, using amniotic membrane enriched with stem-cells may be an ideal dressing to treat depth wounds.
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The association between hypertension, physical activity, and brushing technique with periodontal disease
Indirawati Tjahja Notohartojo, Made Lely Suratri, Vivi SetiawatyThe association between hypertension, physical activity, and brushing technique with periodontal disease
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The effect of communication skills training on the self-efficacy of nurses: a systematic review and meta-analysis study
Mojtaba Fattahi Ardakani, Mohammad Ali Morowati Sharifabad, Mohammad Amin Bahrami, Amin Salehi AbargoueiThe effect of communication skills training on the self-efficacy of nurses: a systematic review and meta-analysis study
Introduction: Self-efficacy is one of the determinants of effective communication between the nurse and the patient and promotion of communication skills can increase it. This systematic and meta-analysis study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of communication skills training on self-efficacy of nurses.
Methods: PubMed, Science Direct, CINAHL and Web of science were searched up to 2017, for relevant studies. Studies that assessed the effect of communication skills training on the self-efficacy of nursing personnel were included in the study. Finally, 10 studies were selected. In this study, novice and nursing students were not considered.
The standard deviation (SD) mean of changes in communication self-efficacy were used to assess Hedges’ g to be used as an effect size for meta-analysis. DerSimonian and Liard random effects model was included in the study in order to summarize the effects.
Results: Meta-analysis findings showed that communication skills training can improve nurses' self-efficacy (Hedge’s g = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.311-0.699, p<0.001). Education was also affected by increasing the self-efficacy based on the random effects model. Furthermore, after analyzing the subgroup this effect retained significant in single group trials. The effectiveness of communication skills training was higher in studies with the intervention group compared with control groups. The quality of studies was investigated based on cochran. Most studies were qualitatively low.
Conclusion: Educational programs for nurses' communication improve their feelings towards communication self-efficacy. Due to the importance of self-efficacy in communication skills development, trainings related communication skills should be considered as a permanent program in hospitals.
Keywords: Communication Programs, Self-efficacy, NurseFull Article (HTML) | download PDF
Effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy to IFNγ and TNFα expression in pregnant Rattus novergicus infected with Tachyzoite of Toxoplasma gondii
Arif Rahman Nurdianto, A Aryati, Mohammad Guritno Suryokusumo, M MufasirinEffect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy to IFNγ and TNFα expression in pregnant Rattus novergicus infected with Tachyzoite of Toxoplasma gondii
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) is a method of increasing oxygen delivery to tissues. The therapy improves tissue oxygenation and stimulates the formation of H2O2 as a secondary messenger for Tumour Necrosis Factor alpha (TNFα), Interferon Gamma (IFNγ) and Nuclear Factor Kappa Beta phosphorylation (NF-Kb) which play an important role in the rapid transcription of a wide variety of genes in response to extracellular stimuli. This study aims to determine the effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen therapy in enhancing the expressions of IFNγ and TNFα in pregnant rats infected with Toxoplasma gondii.
Purpose:
To find effect of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in enhancing the expressions of IFNγ and TNFα pregnant Rattus n
overgiccus infected with Toxoplasma gondii.
Patients and methods:
This study is an animal study with a ‘randomized control group of post test only design’ on 34 Rattus novergiccus Sprague Dowley rats. Randomly, the rats were divided into 4 groups. The Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) treatment group A is pregnant rats infected with tachyzoite received 10 sessions of HBOT 2.4 ATA in 3x30 minutes; the HBOT treatment group B is Pregnant only and received 10 sessions of HBOT 2.4 ATA in 3x30 minutes; the HBOT treatment group C is Pregnant and infected with tachyzoite but not received HBOT; and the group D is pregnant rats only without infection and not received HBOT. Each infected pregnant rats were given a 103 Tachyzoite of Toxoplasma gondii via intraperitoneal injection. Examinations of IFNγ and TNFα expressions were performed on day-5 after HBOT (HBOT twice a day). Rats that die or experience abortion will be eliminated while rats that still survive will be taken the blood by intracardiac technique. IFNγ and TNFα levels were measured by serum ELISA examination.
Results:
The results shows that the Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy can improve IFNγ (p=0.000), TNF-α (p= 0.02) significantly in the provision of HBOT 2.4 ATA for 3x30 minutes in 10 sessions over 5 days of therapy.
Conclusion:
Based on the obtaine results,it can be conclude that HBOT can improve the expressions of IFNγ and TNFα, in the provision of HBOT 2.4 ATA for 3x30 minutes, 10 times in 5 day and HBOT administration can prevent abortion in pregnant rats infected with tachyzoite T. gondii.
Keywords: [Toxoplasma gondii, Tachyzoite, Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy, IFNγ, TNFα]
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Investigating the impact of the Emergency Department's overcrowding on educational indices and emergency deputies' satisfaction with clinical education
Mehdi Yarahmadi, Mehri AyatiInvestigating the impact of the Emergency Department's overcrowding on educational indices and emergency deputies' satisfaction with clinical education
Background: Emergency department (ED) is a useful place in terms of clinical education opportunities for medical students, residents, and even other hospital staffs. Overcrowding in ED except for the effects on the patients' fate and ED condition, it's may be effective in resident clinical education.
Aims: This study aims to investigate the effect of emergency crowding on the education of residents.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on the emergency medicine residents for 21 weeks in ED of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran. This hospital is a level-1 trauma center and a training center. The crowding indexes included Occupancy Rate (OR), Residences Work-Load (RWL). The educational indexes included the amount of Trauma Team Participation (TTP), Assistance's Physical Examinations (APE), Assistance's Taken Histories (ATH), Assistance's written orders (AWO), the participation in the clinical scientific discussion, Assistance's Independently Procedures (AIP), and the number of Assistant Ultrasounds (AUS). Educational Indices, Clinical Education Satisfaction, and Residents' Viewpoints were evaluated by using a questionnaire on the amount of crowding in shift works.
Results: A total of 126 Resident Shifts were reviewed. There was a significant relationship between the useful education (UE) with OR (P = 0.006). RWL was a significant statistical relationship with all parameters except for the TTP and AUS. No relevance was found for age and sex with educational indicators. Postgraduate Year (PGY), was strongly associated with educational indicators except for TTP and AUS.
Conclusion: Emergency crowding did not adversely affect the education in term of total OR and RWL. Moreover, it has been useful and effective in educational indicators such as storytelling, conducting procedures, placing orders and physical examination.
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Strategic alignment, meaningful work, and employee engagement among teaching hospital's workforce in 2017
Hasan Abolghasem Gorgi, Hamed Fattahi, Azad Shokri, Fatemeh Manafi, Samira Alirezaei, Mozhgan Sadat Ghaemmohamadi, Mahmoud Khodadost, Khadije MaajaniStrategic alignment, meaningful work, and employee engagement among teaching hospital's workforce in 2017
Background: Human resource management plays a vital role in providing quality services to patients in hospitals.
Objective: This study aimed to determine strategic alignment, meaningful work, and employee engagement of teaching hospitals employees.
Methods: This cross-sectional study conducted in teaching hospitals. Stringer questionnaire applied for data collection. Linear regression analysis used to determine the effect of demographic variables. Pearson and multiple regression analysis used in STATA to evaluate the correlation between strategic alignment, meaningful work, and employee engagement.
Results: Totally 516 participants included in the study. Strategic alignment in the hospitals had a desired situation (54% well level), while it was in a weaker position than employee engagement and meaningful work (18% to 15%-13%). The strategic alignment can be a predictor of meaningful work (r2=37%) and employee engagement (r2=38.1%). Also, the two variables of strategic alignment and meaningful work together have a stronger effect in explaining employee engagement (r2=50.1%).
Conclusions: According to the direct impact of strategic alignment on the meaningful work, employee engagement, and their performance, health policymakers need to pay more attention to these factors finally.
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Genetic polymorphism in CYP1A1 affected susceptibility to acne vulgaris in Pekanbaru Indonesian Population, Desember 2013 - Maret 2014
Endang Darmani, Eryati Darwin, Irma Damayanti, Adnil Edwin NurdinGenetic polymorphism in CYP1A1 affected susceptibility to acne vulgaris in Pekanbaru Indonesian Population, Desember 2013 - Maret 2014
Background: Susceptibility to acne vulgaris had seen by modulating devolution of encoding cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) gene polymorphism which is involved in bioactivation and detoxification of drugs, chemical agents, and pollutants from the environment. Acne incidence is known different based on ethnic, so that, we did this study in Indonesian acne vulgaris patients.
Aim: To characterize cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) polymorphism in Indonesian acne vulgaris patients.
Method: Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) dan PCR based restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) were used to detect polymorphism changes of CYP1A1 by doing a case-control study of 35 acne patients dan 35 controls. All the examination samples were obtained from Pekanbaru, Riau Province, Indonesia.
Result: The frequency of CYP1A1 heterozygous variant alleles was higher in case (odds ratio 2.21; 95% Confidence Interval 0.71-6.87).
Conclusion: Polymorphism of CYP1A1 allele m1 gene increases susceptibility to acne vulgaris.
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Concentrations of endothelin-1 associated with aging of prehypertension patients in Denpasar and Badung Districts, Bali, Indonesia.
Luh Gede Sri YennyConcentrations of endothelin-1 associated with aging of prehypertension patients in Denpasar and Badung Districts, Bali, Indonesia.
Hypertension is a major health problem in the world. Prehypertension increases the risk of developing hypertension with a high blood pressure. Aging often occurs with an elevation of blood pressure. Endothelin-1 is a strong vascular vasoconstrictor which its concentration is related to various cardiovascular diseases including hypertension. However, it is still unclear whether aging is related to endothelin-1 activation. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the correlation between age and serum endothelin-1 concentration in patients with prehypertension.
This is a community-based and cross-sectional study which was conducted in Denpasar and Badung regencies, Bali-Indonesia. A total of 75 prehypertension patients were involved in the consecutive study.
Spearman Correlation analysis demonstrated that age was strongly correlated with endhotelin-1 levels in the patients with prehypertension, R = 0.290 (p = 0.012). Age was also positively correlated with systolic blood pressure R = 0.235 (p = 0.042). In contrast, there was no correlation between age with diastolic blood pressure, R = 0.037 (p = 0.750).
In conclusion, endothelin-1 concentration increased in patients with prehypertension. This condition also caused an elevation of blood pressure.
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Correlation between Superoxide Dismutase Level and Disease Activity of Vitiligo
Nelva K Jusuf, Kamaliah Muis, Kharina Y PutriCorrelation between Superoxide Dismutase Level and Disease Activity of Vitiligo
Background: Vitiligo is a chronic systemic acquired disease that has an unpredictable clinical course, characterized by the appearance of macules and achromic or hypochromic patches on the skin and mucous membranes due to the disappearance of melanocytes in the affected area. Until now, the underlying pathogenesis of vitiligo is still unclear. The role of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in vitiligo is mentioned that it can be a biomarker to determine vitiligo activity and progressivity.
Aim: To determine correlation between SOD and vitiligo disease activity score (VIDA)
Materials and methods: This study was a cross-sectional analytic study which involved 39 vitiligo patients that were diagnosed by clinical and Wood’s lamp examinations. VIDA score was determined to assess lesion activity, which is categorized in the six-point scale. We conducted blood sampling and measurement of SOD level to the patients by ELISA.
Results: We found mean SOD in +4 group was 37.55 ng/ml, +3 group was 25.32 ng/ml, +2 group was 4.67 ng/ml, +1 group was 5.60 ng/ml, and 0 group was 3.88 ng/ml. There was is no difference of SOD level based on VIDA score (p=0.775 r=-0.047). In this study, we found the highest mean SOD level in subjects with vitiligo activity lasting from 6 weeks to 3 months and the lowest level in group with lesion activity stable for 1 year.
Conclusion: There was no significant correlation between SOD and VIDA score in vitiligo patients.
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Affecting Factors on nurses outflows in Iran 2018: a systematic review
Soudabeh Vatankhah, Samira Alirezaei, Hasan Abolghasem GorjiAffecting Factors on nurses outflows in Iran 2018: a systematic review
Background: Nurses are the highest professional workforce at a hospital, and they have become a critical factor in improving productivity and competitiveness of hospitals. In the healthcare industry, the attrition rate of nurses has been the highest among all employee categories.
Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting nurses' outflow from Iran's health system.
Methods: We conducted a systematic search in the web of science, PubMed, OVID, SID, Magiran and google scholar in 2016. The selected period for searching articles was from 2000 to 2016.
Results: Tendency of Iranian nurses to leave services was correlated with justice, commitment, individual factors, organizational factors, cultural, economic and social factors. The individual factors include the type of health sector, level of income, job satisfaction, work and family conflict. The organizational factors include organizational atmosphere, work issues, job stress, work exhaustion, working life quality, and ethical leadership.
Conclusion: Targeting interventions to enhance participation in hospital affairs, adequacy of staffing and resources and enabling and supporting behaviors and creating opportunities for growth and professional development could be beneficial for a stable nursing workforce. The challenge for nurse leaders is to use the evidence generated from this study and previous studies to develop professional practice environments that facilitate the cultural changes needed to build and sustain a quality nursing workforce. It seems essential that hospital managers consider these factors in their planning and decision makings
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Botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) to improve the treatment of keloid and hypertrophic scars: A double-blinded randomized clinical trial
Imam Habibi, Allahyar Taheri, Keshvad Hedayatyanfard, Farzaneh Farazmand, Behnam HabibiBotulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) to improve the treatment of keloid and hypertrophic scars: A double-blinded randomized clinical trial
Background: Keloid and hypertrophic scars are the results of abnormal skin cells proliferation that usually cause major physical, psychological and cosmetic problems. However, there is no effective method for eliminating this scars yet. Recent reports suggested that BTX-A improves wound healing. However, there is no comprehensive study to assess the efficacy of BTX-A injection for treatment of keloid and hypertrophic scars.
Aim: This study aims to investigate whether BTX-A injection improves the keloid and hypertrophic scars treatment or not.
Methods: Ten patients with keloid or hypertrophic scar lesions were enrolled in this study and randomized into two groups (injected by BTX-A or placebo). Injections were applied at one-month intervals for a total of three months. All the patients were followed up for at least six months. Scars were assessed by mVSS (modified Vancouver Scar Scale) and an independently blinded evaluator with standardized photographs.
Results: The study was completed with ten patients at the six months follow up visits in the treatment group. BTX-A reduced (not significantly, p>0.09) mVSS including pliability, vascularity, pigmentation, and height, but did not affect the pruritis and pain.
Conclusion: It can be concluded in this study that BTX-A can reduce some parameters of mVSS and may be a suitable compound for the treatment of keloid and scar tissue.
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The effect of mustard greens (Brassica rapa l.) ethanol extract on blood glucose and malondialdehyde levels of hyperglycemic Wistar rats
Sri Wahjuni, I Wayan Gede Gunawan, Ika Yolanda Dewi MalindoThe effect of mustard greens (Brassica rapa l.) ethanol extract on blood glucose and malondialdehyde levels of hyperglycemic Wistar rats
Purpose: This study aims to determine the effect of mustard greens ethanol extract (Brassica rapa L.) in reducing blood glucose and malondialdehyde levels in hyperglycemic Wistar rats.
Methods: The hyperglycemic Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups. Normal groups, positive control group (given glibenclamide) and treatment group were given orally with mustard extract with a dose of dose of 10mg/KgBW, 15 mg/KgBW, and 20 mg/KgBW.
Results and Discussion: The ethanol extract of green mustard with a dose of 10, 15, and 20 mg/KgBW reduced 49.60 mg/dl; 74.00 mg/dl; 101.20 mg/dl blood glucose levels, respectively and 6.31 nmol/ml; 6.43 nmol/ml; 7.14 nmol/ml malondialdehyde levels. The phenol groups contained in the extract was hypothesized to be the key for blood glucose levels reduction by the mechanism of capturing or neutralizing the excess free radical in hyperglycemic Wistar rats.
Conclusion: One Way ANOVA analysis and Post Hoc Study showed that ethyl acetate fraction of mustard greens extract dose of 10, 15, and 20 mg/KgBW were able to significantly reduce blood glucose and malondialdehyde levels in hyperglycemic Wistar rats (p<0.05).
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Validity of Pediatric Yorkhill Malnutrition Score to detect pediatric hospitalized malnutrition
Benny Herlianto, I Gusti Lanang Sidiartha, I Gusti Ayu Putu Eka PratiwiValidity of Pediatric Yorkhill Malnutrition Score to detect pediatric hospitalized malnutrition
Introduction: Hospitalized malnutrition in children is a nutritional imbalance that occurs during hospital treatment, regardless the nutritional status at admission. Hospitalized malnutrition can be prevented, with periodic evaluation of nutrition status and early detection of hospital malnutrition. Pediatric Yorkhill Malnutrition Score (PYMS) can be one of the instruments used at Sanglah Hospital to prevent hospital malnutrition. This study aims to know the validity of PYMS to detect hospitalized malnutrition in pediatric patient at Sanglah Hospital.
Method: This Study was a prospective cohort study, performed at Sanglah Hospital Denpasar between August and December 2017. The subjects were collected using consecutive sampling method. PYMS was measured when admitted. Hospitalized malnutrition was defined if there is any weight loss during hospitalization. Between August and December 2017, 240 subjects were retained for analysis.
Result: The incidence of hospitalized malnutrition was 14.1%. The combined high risk and medium risk of PYMS had 97.1% sensitivity, and 47.1% specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) 23.2% and negative predictive value (NPV) 98.9% for detecting children who are at risk for hospitalized malnutrition.
Conclusion: Pediatric Yorkhill Malnutrition Score is acceptable for a screening tool, however it also important to ensure to the staff low score does not negate referral for dietetic assessment.
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Therapeutic drug monitoring of rifampicin, isoniazid, and pyrazinamide in newly-diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis outpatients in Denpasar area
Ida Ayu Alit Widhiartini, Made Agus Gelgel Wirasuta, Dewa Made Sukrama, Ida Bagus Ngurah RaiTherapeutic drug monitoring of rifampicin, isoniazid, and pyrazinamide in newly-diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis outpatients in Denpasar area
Background: Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) has the potency to enhance the therapeutic outcome of rifampicin, isoniazid, and pyrazinamide, the backbone of first-line anti-tuberculosis (TB) therapy. The implementation of TDM is understudied for newly-diagnosed lung TB outpatients in the Denpasar area.
Aim: To determine the prevalence of low plasma concentration of three first-line anti-TB drugs (rifampicin, isoniazid, and pyrazinamide).
Methods: Subjects were newly-diagnosed lung TB adult outpatients from the Denpasar area, aged >18 years old, without comorbidity (HIV or diabetes), not pregnant and not using comedications for at least two days before the test. The subjects received daily anti-TB drugs for at least ten days before the test. SGOT, SGPT, and albumin levels were tested at the time before administration of RHZE 4-FDC tablet. Subjects were tested for plasma concentration at 2 and 6 hours after ingestion of RHZE 4-FDC tablet. Plasma levels of rifampicin, isoniazid, and pyrazinamide were analyzed using HPTLC spectrophotodensitometry method.
Results: 28 of 32 subjects had low plasma concentrations of rifampicin, 9 of 24 subjects had low plasma concentrations of isoniazid, 4 of 24 subjects had high plasma concentrations of isoniazid, and 14 of 31 subjects had low levels of pyrazinamide; 3 subjects had plasma concentration of three drugs within the expected range simultaneously.
Conclusion: Almost all subjects had low plasma concentration of rifampicin, isoniazid, and pyrazinamide. Only a limited number of subjects had plasma concentration within the target range of the three drugs simultaneously.
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The role of circulating MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) in epithelial ovarian cancer
Addin Trirahmanto, Sofa Mubarika Haryana, Moh Hakimi, Heru PradjatmoThe role of circulating MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) in epithelial ovarian cancer
Background: Ovarian cancer was the seventh most frequent cancer worldwide, with 238.700 new cases in 2012, and eight ranked leading cause of cancer mortality, with 151.900 deaths. Most ovarian cancer patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage (67%) and prospects for significant improvement in survival reside in early diagnosis. Therefore, the development of a novel biological marker for the diagnosis and prognosis prediction of epithelial ovarian cancer remains urgent. Current literature shows that microRNA-21 (miRNA-21/miR-21), as an oncogenic miRNA, is involved in the growth, metastasis and apoptosis of cancer cells through its control of various target molecules and signaling pathways
Objective: To determine the differences expression of miR-21 in blood plasma epithelial ovarian cancer patient (EOC) between early stage epithelial ovarian cancer and advanced stage.
Methods: This study is a cross sectional study in 40 epithelial ovarian cancer patients that underwent primary surgery for suspected ovarian cancer. Blood sample taken prior to surgery and when pathological anatomy result confirmed it is an epithelial ovarian cancer, then the RNA was isolated. Based on the RNA, the cDNA was synthesized and run through qPCR. All the data will be analyses with GenEx analyzing software.
Results: The expression of miR-21 in advanced stage EOC is 1,36 fold compare to early stage (p=0,52), expression of miR-21 in type II EOC is 1,33 fold compare to type I EOC (p=0,56), and expression of miR-21 in residual tumor >1cm after surgery is 1,30 fold compare to residual tumor after surgery < 1cm (p=0,59)
Conclusion:. Despite a trend, there was no significant increase in the expression of circulating miR‐21 in severity of stages, histopathology type and residual tumor in this study. In conclusion, the circulating miR-21 may be promising candidate biomarkers for EOC that require validation in a larger study.
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Mangosteen extract reduce apoptosis via inhibition of oxidative process in rat model of traumatic brain injury
RR Suzy Indharty, Iskandar Japardi, Andre MP Siahaan, Steven TandeanMangosteen extract reduce apoptosis via inhibition of oxidative process in rat model of traumatic brain injury
Background: Traumatic brain injury is one of the primary causes of mortality, morbidity, and economic burden, especially in the young population. Following initial primary injury, there is a secondary insult, resulting in neuro-inflammatory response and free radical generation. These oxidative stress is a powerful precursor of apoptosis. Mangosteen is a powerful natural antioxidant that also has neuroprotective property. This study was conducted to evaluate whether the Mangosteen extract could decrease the expression of MDA and apoptosis in traumatic brain injury.
Method: Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into three treatments group, i.e., sham-operated control, closed head injury (CHI), and CHI with mangosteen extract (treatment group). In the treatment group, the mangosteen extract was administered once daily every day after CHI for 1, 3, and 7 days. MDA, SOD, AIF, caspase 8, and caspase 9 were evaluated using immunohistochemistry staining while apoptosis was assessed using TUNEL essay.
Result. MDA, AIF, caspase 8, and caspase 9 were up-regulated in CHI group compared to sham-operated group (p<0.05), meanwhile the expression of SOD decreased significantly. MDA, AIF, caspase 8, and caspase 9 were significantly down-regulated in the treatment group compared to CHI group (p<0.05), while significant elevation was observed in SOD expression.
Conclusion. Mangosteen extract decreased neuronal apoptosis in traumatic brain injury by promoting expression of SOD and down-regulating MDA, AIF, caspase 8, and caspase 9.
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The impact of the severity of HIV infection on the prevalence of liver fibrosis in children
Ida Bagus Gde Suwibawa Putra, Ketut Dewi Kumara Wati, I Putu Gede Karyana, I Gusti Ngurah Sanjaya Putra, Ni Nyoman Metriani NesaThe impact of the severity of HIV infection on the prevalence of liver fibrosis in children
Background: The fibrotic process in liver fibrosis is faster when there is coinfection with HIV than in Hepatitis B or Hepatitis C mono-infection. Objectives: We sought to compare the presence of liver fibrosis based on Aspartate Aminotransferase to Platelet Ratio Index (APRI) in HIV clinical stage I-II and III-IV. We also sought to identify factors associated with liver fibrosis in HIV-infected children. Methods: The population was HIV-infected children who were registered in 2006-2014 Sanglah hospital’s TApHOd (Treat Asia Pediatric HIV Observational Database) cohort. The cutoff point for fibrosis was APRI > 0.5. The sample was grouped into two outcomes: liver fibrosis and without fibrosis. The associations of liver fibrosis to the severity of HIV clinical stage and other variables were analyzed using Fisher-Exact test. Results: From 81 HIV-infected subjects, 46 were in stage III-IV and 35 in stage I-II. The range of APRI was 0.11 to 12.01. There were 27 subjects with liver fibrosis. There were 21 subjects with liver fibrosis in stage III-IV HIV infection and 6 in stage I-II. The analysis showed in a group of liver fibrosis patients; there are more patients with the severe clinical stage of HIV (p-value = 0.009). Conclusion. Liver fibrosis is more common in the more severe clinical stage of HIV infection in children than in the milder clinical stage. Advanced clinical stage significantly increases the risk for liver fibrosis.
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The effect of storage on energy, carbohydrate, fat, and protein content of breast milk
Putu Andina Pramitasari, I Gusti Lanang Sidiartha, I Gusti Ayu Putu Eka PratiwiThe effect of storage on energy, carbohydrate, fat, and protein content of breast milk
Background: Working mothers may need to store their breast milk for later use. However, this method raises concern about the nutrition contents of the milk after storage.
Objective: to compare the levels of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins between fresh breast milk and stored breast milk.
Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted at the Pediatrics outpatient clinic of Sanglah General Hospital. The energy, carbohydrate, fat, and protein content of breast milk were analyzed using MIRIS Human Milk Analyser (HMA). The difference in the concentration of energy, carbohydrate, fat, and protein between fresh breast milk, refrigerated (for 24-hours), and frozen (for 7 days) breast milk was analyzed using ANOVA (α=0.05).
Results: Eighty-one samples of breast milk from 27 mothers were included in the study. The content of energy in fresh, refrigerated, and frozen breast milk were 65.04±3.51, 64.48±3.33 and 64.03±3.41 (p<0.001), respectively. The carbohydrate content were 6.96±0.19, 6.90±0.17, and 6.89±0.18 (p<0.001). The fat content were 3.55±0.41, 3.46±0.38, and 3.40±0.38 (p<0.001). The protein content were 1.14±0.19, 1.09±0.18, and 1.07±0.18 (p<0.05). There was a significant difference between the carbohydrate, fat, protein and energy content between the fresh, refrigerated, and frozen breast milk. The decrease in the content of carbohydrate, fat, protein and energy between the fresh and the refrigerated milk were 0.78%; 2.2%; 3.9%; and 0.83%, respectively. The decrease in the content of carbohydrate, fat, protein and energy between the fresh and the frozen milk were 1.01%; 3.9%; 6.3%; and 1.5%, respectively.
Conclusion: There was a statistically significant difference in the energy and macronutrient content between the fresh and the stored breast milk. However, the difference has no importance clinically, and breastmilk is strongly recommended.
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The combination effect of brisk walking and relaxation toward hs-crp and anxiety levels in subject with central obesity in Singaraja, Bali
Ketut Indra Purnomo, Muchsin Doewes, Suroto Suroto, Bhisma Murti, Made Kurnia Widiastuti GiriThe combination effect of brisk walking and relaxation toward hs-crp and anxiety levels in subject with central obesity in Singaraja, Bali
Background: Inflammation and anxiety have reciprocal relationships because low grade chronic inflammation characterized by elevated hs-CRP in central obesity has been proved to induce anxiety. Likewise, anxiety could also induce central obesity and inflammation of peripheral tissue. Brisk walking and relaxation have been proved to have anti-inflammatory effects. However, the effects of their application in central obesity population have not been observed.
Objective: The aim of the study is to determine the combination effect of brick walking and relaxation on hs-CRP and anxiety level.
Method: This research is an experimental research with randomized controlled trial design. According to sample size formula, this study required 80 with central obesity which would be selected using purposive sampling. The sample was divided into 4 groups by randomization procedure intocontrol group, brisk walking group, relaxation group and combination of brisk walking and relaxation group. Each group was given thrice a week treatment for six weeks. Data were analyzed by using SPSS 22.
Results: A total of 80 samples with central obesity were enrolled with mean age 47.66 ± 7.47 years old and WHtR 0.57 ± 0.04. There is no significant effect of brisk walking, relaxation, and their combination to hs-CRP level (p = 0.696). On the other hand, all of the interventions were significantly reduce the anxiety level. However, the combination of brisk walking and relaxation had the most significant effect in decreasing anxiety level even when compared to either brisk walking or relaxation group (p <0.05).
Conclusion: Both brisk walking and relaxation significantly reduce the level of anxiety but their combination had the most significant effect. However, no intervention had proved to alter the level of hs-CRP.
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Correlation of VEGF-C tissue expression and cervical lesion diameter on cervical cancer patients given neoadjuvant therapy
Heru Priyanto, Ambar Mudigdo, Andrijono Andrijono, Bhisma MurtiCorrelation of VEGF-C tissue expression and cervical lesion diameter on cervical cancer patients given neoadjuvant therapy
Background: Management of cervical cancer is still debated. The diameter of cervical lesions are predictors of lymph node metastases, lymphovascular invasion, survival rates and are related to cell hypoxia. VEGF-C plays a role in the process of angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis which are important for metastasis.
Objective: To describe the correlation between VEGF-C tissue expression and the diameter of the cervical cancer lesion before and after being given neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Methods: We conducted an observational study using consecutive sampling in the Obstetrics Gynecology and Anatomy Pathology Department of Dr. Moewardi Hospital, the teaching hospital of the Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia. A total of 30 tissue biopsies of IB2 and IIA2 cervical cancer patients before and after undergoing Paxus-Carboplatin chemotherapy were examined for immunohistological expression of VEGF-C. The diameter of the largest cervical lesions of each patient was recorded.
Result: The mean of the largest diameter of the cervical lesion prior to neoadjuvant chemotherapy was bigger than after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (5.62 vs. 3.50, p<0.001). A decrease in VEGF-C tissue expression was significantly related to the decrease in the diameter of the largest cervical lesion after neoadjuvant chemotherapy administration (p=0.008).
Conclusion: There is a significant negative correlation between VEGF-C tissue expression with the diameter of the cervical lesions given neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
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The relationship between ABO blood group typing with tinea corporis and or tinea cruris in Tanjung Gusta Prison, Medan-Indonesia
Marlentine M, Nelva K Jusuf, Kamaliah MuisThe relationship between ABO blood group typing with tinea corporis and or tinea cruris in Tanjung Gusta Prison, Medan-Indonesia
Introduction: Tinea corporis and tinea cruris are skin infections caused by dermatophyte fungus and may be characterized by the serpiginous plaque with scales along the edges of an active erythematous lesion accompanied by central healing in the center of the lesion. Blood type is thought to play a role in the incidence of tinea corporis and tinea cruris disease and can affect the disease becomes chronic. This study aims to determine the relationship between ABO blood group typing with tinea corporis and or tinea cruris.
Methods: Study design using cross-sectional analytic study which involved 68 patients who suspected tinea corporis and or tinea cruris. We did 10% potassium hydroxide examination of skin scrapping, cultured of dermatophyte, collected blood sampling and checked for ABO blood group typing to all subjects. Chi-square analysis is used to evaluate the relationship between tinea corporis and cruris with ABO blood type.
Results: In this research, most of the sexes were male (45,6%), most of the ages were 26-35 years old (38,2%), the highest level of education were junior high school and college (25% and 25%), the highest duration of disease was chronic (72,1%), the highest result of 10% potassium hydroxide examination was negative (52.9%), most of fungal culture result was no dermatophyte fungus growth (73.5%), and the highest incindence of tinea corporis and or tinea cruris belonged to blood group A (27.9%). Statistically, there was significant relationship between blood group with tinea corporis and or tinea cruris (p= 0.000), there was significant relationship between blood group with tinea corporis and or tinea cruris based on 10% potassium hydroxide examination (p = 0.000), and cultured of dermatophyte (p = 0.000), but there was no significant relationship between blood type with duration of disease (p = 0.634).
Conclusion: There was significant relationship between blood group with tinea corporis and or tinea cruris.
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Thiol-producing microbiota of the intestine modulate oxidative stress and inflammation in Chronic Kidney Disease
Ika Nindya Kadariswantiningsih, Mochammad Thaha, Cahyo Wibisono Nugroho, Maulana Antiyan EmpituThiol-producing microbiota of the intestine modulate oxidative stress and inflammation in Chronic Kidney Disease
Background: Inflammation and oxidative stress are among the key contributing risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in chronic kidney disease (CKD). The human gut is the home for microbiota, of which some of the gram-negative gut bacteria are known to produce low-molecular-weight thiols including glutathione (GSH). GSH is used by mammals and eukaryotic cells as a substrate of glutathione peroxidase to eliminate reactive oxygen species. This study aims to investigate whether the presence of thiol-producing gut microbiota in CKD affects the level of oxidative stress and inflammation markers.
Methods: This study examined the stool sample of 41 CKD patients at three hospitals in Surabaya, Indonesia to identify the gram-negative bacteria producing thiols. Based on Ellman's assay result, the study participants were grouped into patients with thiol-producing and non-thiol-producing gram-negative gut microbiota. The markers of inflammation, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and urinary oxidative stress marker 8-hydroxy-2' -deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were compared between the two groups.
Results: The group with thiol-producing gut microbiota exhibited lower levels of plasma hs-CRP and urinary 8-OHdG compared to the group with non-thiol-producing gram-negative gut microbiota. In contrast, the group with thiol-producing gut microbiota has higher TAC compared to the group with non-thiol-producing gram-negative gut microbiota.
Conclusion: This study emphasized that the phenotypical diversity regarding the ability to produce low-molecular-weight thiols might modulate inflammation and oxidative stress as CVD risk factors in CKD.
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Analysis of serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D level in keloid patients
Vira Indhiratamin Damanik, Imam B Putra, Oratna GintingAnalysis of serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D level in keloid patients
Background: Keloid is solid fibrous tissue tumors that occur due to an imbalance between deposition and degradation of extracellular matrix components, especially collagen. Vitamin D is known to have a beneficial role in slowing the progression of tissue fibrosis and proven to play an important role in the synthesis and degradation of collagen and acts as an anti-inflammatory mediator.
Aim: To determine the difference between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level in keloid patients and controls.
Method: This is a cross-sectional analytic study involving 60 subjects consist of 30 keloid patients and 30 controls. Keloid patients were diagnosed by history and clinical examinations, and we conducted blood sampling and measurement of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level to the patients and controls.
Results: The mean of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level in keloid patients (16.92 ± 5.96 ng/mL) was significantly lower than controls (23.57 ± 6.72 ng/mL), p=0.0001
Conclusion: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level in keloid patients was significantly lower than controls, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level in keloid patients was higher in the male group, aged 31-35 years group, duration of disease between 6-10 years group and positive family history.Full Article (HTML) | download PDF
Bacterial pattern and its susceptibility toward antibiotic on burn infection in Burn Unit Sanglah General Hospital
Anak Agung Bagus Bramardipa, I Dewa Made Sukrama, Ni Nyoman Sri BudayantiBacterial pattern and its susceptibility toward antibiotic on burn infection in Burn Unit Sanglah General Hospital
Introduction: Infection is one of the most common complications of burns due to the invasion of microorganisms from the surrounding environment to other tissues under the skin. It is currently a big problem as a consequence of multidrug-resistant antibiotics bacteria. In order to give a proper initial empirical treatment, the pattern of bacteria and its resistance should be identified. This study aimed to identify the bacteria pattern on burn wound infections and its resistance to antibiotics in the Burn Unit of Sanglah General Hospital.
Methods: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The sample of this study was data of patients’ culture test from the burn unit that were recorded in the registration book of the Laboratory of Microbiology, Sanglah General Hospital from 1st January 2017 to 31st December 2017.
Result: A Total number of 194 data patients’ culture test from the burn unit were found from the registration book of the Laboratory of Microbiology, Sanglah General Hospital, of which 98 of the data showed pathogenic bacterial growth and 118 bacteria were identified. It was dominated by gram-negative bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa (26.3%), Acinetobacter baumanii (26.3%), Klebsiella pneumonia ssp pneumonia (8.5%) and gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus (12.7%). The results of the culture test showed that these bacteria were resistant to many antibiotics.
Conclusion: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumanii, Klebsiella pneumonia ssp pneumonia, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus were the most common bacteria found in the swab culture examination of burn patients in the Burn Unit of Sanglah General Hospital.Full Article (HTML) | download PDF
A new modified medium for Simultaneous Cystinase and elek tests of bacteria causing diphtheria
Fitriana Fitriana, Sunarno Sunarno, Armaji Kamaludi Syarif, Muhammad Karyana, Yeva Rosana, Lucky Hartati MoeharioA new modified medium for Simultaneous Cystinase and elek tests of bacteria causing diphtheria
Introduction: Potentially toxigenic Corynebacteria (Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Corynebacterium ulcerans, and Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis) can produce diphtheria toxin and stated as diphtheria causative agent. The bacteria causing diphtheria could be identified by Cystinase test on the Tinsdale medium, while its toxigenicity determined by Elek test on the Elek medium. This study aims to develop a new modified medium for both Cystinase and Elek tests simultaneously.
Methods: There were ten reference strains of bacteria used for the modified medium optimization. Moreover, 15 clinical isolates were used as samples in the modified medium testing. The result of Cystinase and Elek tests on the modified medium was compared with the standardized tests on the Tinsdale and Elek mediums.
Results: Twelve of 25 isolates tested on the modified medium were identified as toxigenic strain, corresponding with the result from standardized Elek test on the Elek medium. Moreover, 16 of 25 isolates tested on the modified medium were identified as positive for Cystinase test. The similar result was obtained using the standardized Cystinase test on the Tinsdale medium. This result was visible 24 hours after incubation. The modified medium was in excellent condition with the consistent result after stored in half-finished condition for 32 days at 2-8 oC.
Conclusion: The modified medium developed in this study was a new good medium that could be used for Cystinase and toxigenicity tests simultaneously.
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Comparison of TLR2/1, NF-кB p105/50, NF-кB p65, and TNF-α expressions in the macrophages between multibacillary leprosy patients with and without erythema nodosum leprosum signifying innate immune system activity
M Yulianto ListiawanComparison of TLR2/1, NF-кB p105/50, NF-кB p65, and TNF-α expressions in the macrophages between multibacillary leprosy patients with and without erythema nodosum leprosum signifying innate immune system activity
Background: Erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) is one of the complications in multibacillary (MB) leprosy. The cause, mechanism, and treatment of ENL remain highly problematic. Various studies have identified possible involvement of the innate immune system in the pathogenesis of ENL. Increased understanding of this mechanisms maybe useful for the management of leprosy.
Objective: To compare the expression of Toll-like Receptor-2/1 (TLR2/1), Nuclear Factor Kapha Beta (NF-кB) p105/p50, NF-кB p65, Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) in the macrophages of MB patients with and without ENL as a marker of innate immune system involvement.
Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study performed on 42 MB leprosy patients (21 with ENL and 21 without ENL) in the outpatient unit of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital from February to December 2010. Immunohistochemical staining method was conducted on all groups to determine the expression in macrophages of the dermis using the specific monoclonal antibody for TLR2/1, NF-кBp105/p50, NF-кBp65, and TNF-α. Statistical analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney U test.
Result: There was a significant difference of TLR2/1, NF-кBp105/p50, NF-кBp65, and TNF-α expression in the dermis macrophages between the MB leprosy patients with ENL and without ENL.
Conclusion: The innate immunity was activated in the ENL reaction of MB leprosy.
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The build-up phase outcome of subcutaneous immunotherapy for pediatric allergic asthma: A retrospective cohort study from Surabaya, Indonesia
Anang EndaryantoThe build-up phase outcome of subcutaneous immunotherapy for pediatric allergic asthma: A retrospective cohort study from Surabaya, Indonesia
Background: Subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) is an established recommended treatment for allergic asthma. SCIT provides symptomatic relief, and it is potentially curative. Its build-up phase represents vital information to improve patient compliance and treatment outcomes.
Aim: This study aims to assess the build-up phase outcomes of subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) for pediatric allergic asthma.
Methods: The retrospective cohort study comprised 65 children with allergic asthma due to house dust mites at the end of initial build-up phase of SCIT (3 months) from 2009 until 2012 at one hospital in Surabaya, Indonesia. Pre-SCIT clinical evaluation included skin prick tests for Der p 1 and Der f 1, eosinophil counts test, and the reversibility of forced expiratory volume in a second. The serum level of IFN-γ (TH1), IL-4 (TH2), TGF-β (Tregs), and IL-17 (TH17) were measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) at the end of the initial build-up phase of SCIT.
Results: Of the 65 samples, 48 (73.8%) exhibited significant improvement after three months, including 37 (56.9%) partially controlled asthma as against 11 (16.9%) controlled one, respectively. Eosinophil counts, IL-4, and IL-17 levels were higher among subjects who did not have an improvement, whereas they showed lower IFN-γ levels and smaller wheal diameters for either Der p 1 or Der f 1. Total IgE and TGF-β levels were not significantly different according to the asthma refinement.
Conclusion: At the end of the build-up phase, SCIT facilitated improvement in most subjects with allergic asthma, and the outcome was associated with eosinophil counts, wheal diameters for Der p 1 and Der f 1, as well as IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-17 levels.
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The role of stem cell metabolites derived from placenta for skin regeneration: An in vitro study
Purwati Sumorejo, Muhammad Yulianto Listiawan, Ardhiah Iswanda Putri, Fedik Abdul Rantam, Helen Susilowati, Eryk HendriantoThe role of stem cell metabolites derived from placenta for skin regeneration: An in vitro study
Background: The role of stem cells in skin aging is to repair injured tissue or replace other cells in programmed cell death. Stem cell metabolites are rich in growth factors including IL-10, IL-4, EGF, GM-CSF, and TGF-β that can induce the skin production of protein and elastic fibers, leading to the improvement of skin appearance.
Aim: This study aimed to assess the characteristics of stem cell metabolites in vitro.
Methods: Cytotoxicity assay was performed using MTT reagents and optical cell densities were determined using ELISA reader to find the percentage of living cells. Cytokine detection assay was performed by analyzing the cytokine levels in the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) using ELISA. Apoptosis assay was performed using the double staining method with the markers identified were Hsp70, p53, and caspase-3.
Results: All samples showed the percentage of living cells that exceed 70%. Cytokine detection assay showed a decrease of IL-12 and IFN-γ in both PBMC and MSC groups. The apoptosis assay of human adipose mesenchymal stem cells using a fluorescence microscope showed most of the green light was lost in control cells without metabolites. We found that the expressions of Hsp70 were increased while the expression of p53 and caspase-3 were decreased in the stem cell metabolites samples.
Conclusion: These results showed that stem cell metabolites are non-toxic, do not cause a systemic immune response to surrounding tissue, and able to inhibit the occurrence of apoptosis.
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The potency of Centella asiatica in protecting organs of rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Fitria Dhenok Palupi, Brian Wasita, Adi Magna Patriadi NuhriawangsaThe potency of Centella asiatica in protecting organs of rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a major public health problem with an increasing prevalence each year. Chronic hyperglycemia causes impaired function and organ damage. Centella asiatica is a plant that contains antioxidants with the main component of pentacyclic triterpenes that has been proven to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activity. This study aimed to analyze the changes in blood glucose level, the weight of liver, kidney, heart, and brain of streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced male Wistar rats.
Methods: The research consists of four treatments: negative control (P1), positive control (P2), ethanol extract of Centella asiatica with a dose of 300 mg/kg of body weight (P3), and ethanol extract of Centella asiatica with a dose of 600 mg/kg of body weight (P4). The treatments were conducted within four weeks at the laboratory of PSPG UGM Yogyakarta. The statistical tests used were the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) to determine differences between control groups and the treatment groups.
Results: The induction of nicotinamide and streptozotocin led to type 2 diabetes mellitus (p = 0.001). The administration of ethanol extract of Centella asiatica reduced blood glucose level significantly (p = 0.001). The administration of ethanol extract of Centella asiatica increased the weight of the liver significantly (p = 0.030). There were significant differences between the intervention group of Centella asiatica dose of 300 mg/kg of body weight and 600 mg/kg of body weight compared to positive control.
Conclusion: Ethanol extract of Centella asiatica with a dose of 600 mg/kg of body weight can potentially improve hyperglycemia and increase the weight of the liver organ, which is an indicator of liver cell regeneration in the animal model of diabetes mellitus type 2.
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The antiplasmodial activity of chalcone derivative through the inhibition of haemozoin formation and the induction of stomatocytes formation
Lilik Wijayanti, Kristanto Yuli Yarso, Bambang Purwanto, Ambar Mudigdo, Hery Suwito, Paramasari Dirgahayu, Mustofa MustofaThe antiplasmodial activity of chalcone derivative through the inhibition of haemozoin formation and the induction of stomatocytes formation
Background. One of methoxy aminochalcone derivatives, (E)-1-(4-aminophenyl)-3-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one has been synthesized and proven it's in vitro antiplasmodial activity. In this study, we reported in vivo antiplasmodial activity of this compound against Plasmodium berghei infected mice. Its effect on the haemozoin and erythrocytes stomatocytes formations was also evaluated.
Methods. The in vivo antiplasmodial activity was evaluated on P. berghei infected mice by the classical 4-day suppressive test. The effect of the tested compound on the haemozoin formation inhibition was evaluated by flowcytometry, whereas its effect on the stomatocytes formation was evaluated by microscopic examination of the thin blood smear. Doxucycline was used as positive control. The median effective dose (ED50), which is the dose leading to 50% parasite growth inhibition or haemozoin formation inhibition or stomatocytes formation of tested compound and doxycycline were determined using probit analysis and compared using t test.
Results: The ED50 of tested compound to parasite growth inhibition were 17.36 ± 4.59 mg/kg BW. Furthermore, this compound exhibited on inhibition of haemozoin formation with the ED50 of 18.56±5.19 mg/kg BW and induction of stomatoytes formation with the ED50 more than > 160 mg/kg BW.
Conclusion: The (E)-1-(4-aminophenyl)-3-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one exhibits potent antimalarial activity via inhibition of haemozoin formation and induction of stomatocytes formation. This compound might be developed into a new antimalarial drug.
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Evaluation of human errors using Standardized Plant Analysis Risk among health provider personnel in a hospital in Qazvin Province in 2016-2017
Mohammad Reza Moddaber, Batoul Ahmadi, Ali Mohammad MosadeghradEvaluation of human errors using Standardized Plant Analysis Risk among health provider personnel in a hospital in Qazvin Province in 2016-2017
Background: Human error in the health industry that deals with the lives of people can lead to irreparable losses and massive costs.
Aim: The current study aimed at identifying and evaluating human errors using the SPAR-H technique in one of the hospitals in Qazvin Province.
Method: This study was a cross-sectional study that was conducted in one of the training hospitals of Qazvin in 2016-2017. The target community was 49 of the most senior personnel in four groups of nursing, laboratory, radiology, and services. At first, task analysis was conducted to target group using Hierarchical Task Analysis (HTA) technique by Focus Group method. In the next step, the Human Error Probability (HEP) was determined to utilize SPAR-H method and of performance-shaping factors (PSFs) and action and diagnosis activities were identified. Finally, after determining the dependency level, the final diagnosis HEP was calculated.
Result: Of the total tasks and errors identified, 9 tasks and 17 errors were related to the activities of the nursing staff, 5 assignments and 17 errors related to the activities of the laboratory experts, 3 tasks and 5 errors related to the activities of radiology experts and 3 tasks and 6 errors related to the activities of the service.
Conclusion: The analysis of errors identified in this study showed that the major causes of errors due to the high volume of work and insufficient time in all target groups could be attributed to shortage of available time, stress and high work pressure of personnel.
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Analysis of Serum Leptin Levels in Skin Tag Patients
Raja Nurhayati, Imam Budi Putra, Remenda SiregarAnalysis of Serum Leptin Levels in Skin Tag Patients
Background : Skin tag is a benign tumor of the skin with papules, filiform or pedunculated clinical feature with soft consistency, skin-like to brownish colored and often arises in the flexure area. Etiopathogenesis of skin tag is still unclear, but one of the etiology is associated with leptin hormone. Increased levels of serum leptin level are expected occuring in patients with skin tag.
Objective : To determine the differences between serum leptin levels in skin tag patients and controls.
Subjects and method : This study is an analytic study with cross sectional design involving 33 subjects with skin tag and 33 healthy controls. Diagnosis of skin tag was made based on history and clinical examination, we conducted blood sampling and measurement of serum leptin level to the patients and controls.
Results : In this study, we found the mean serum leptin levels of skin tag patients were highest on aged group 40-49 years (36.21 ± 10.03 ng/ml). The mean serum leptin level of female skin tag patients (36.98 ± 17.67 ng/ml) was higher compared to male (28.32 ± 12.04 ng/ml). The mean serum leptin level of skin tag patients with a family history (34.69 ± 12.77 ng/ml) was higher compared to patients without family history (20.30 ± 8.63 ng/ml). The mean serum leptin level in the skin tag group (29.89 ± 13.34 ng/ml) was higher compared to the control group (22.53 ± 12.91 ng/ml) with p = 0.034.
Conclusion : There were significant differences in serum leptin levels between skin tag patients and control.
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The correlation of Lipoprotein (a) with the severity of ischemic stroke in Dr. Soedono General Hospital, Madiun, Indonesia
Rahma Yuantari, Dinik Wuriyanti, Djoko SiswantoroThe correlation of Lipoprotein (a) with the severity of ischemic stroke in Dr. Soedono General Hospital, Madiun, Indonesia
Background : Lipoprotein (a) is a lipid component with proatherogenic and prothrombogenic component. Levels of Lp(a) are influenced by genetic factors. Lp(a) has a role in the pathogenesis of stroke, but research on its association with the severity of stroke shows vary on results. This study aims to determine correlation of Lp(a) the severity of ischemic stroke measured by the NIHSS score.
Method : This study was a prospective observational research conducted at Dr. Soedono Madiun in December 2016 - May 2017. The inclusion criteria were patients with first acute ischemic stroke. Exclusion criteria included patients with liver disease, kidney disease, pregnancy, sepsis. Lp (a) was examined by the immunoturbidimetry method. The NIHSS score was examined when the patient arrived (NIHSS 1) and on day 7 or the day patient left the Stroke unit (NIHSS 2). Statistical analysis was performed by computerization.
Result : There were 40 subjects, 27 men and 13 women. Higher median level of Lp(a) was found in more severe type of stroke. The group with Lp (a) level more than 30 mg/dL had a higher median NIHSS score than the group with Lp (a) level lower than 30 mg/dL. HDL dan LDL had no correlation with stroke severity (p>0,05). Triglycerida only had signifficant correlation with NIHSS 2 (r = 0.364; p 0.021). Lp (a) had a significant correlation with NIHSS 1 score (r = 0.394; p 0.012) and NIHSS 2 (r = 0.366; 0.020).
Conclusion : Lp (a) has a correlation with the severity of stroke. Lp (a) can be one of the biomarkers that needs to be monitored in subjects who have a risk of cerebrovascular disease.
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Neurocritical care for traumatic brain injury in intensive care unit of Dr H. Andi Abdurahman Noor Hospital, Indonesia
Komang Werdhi Sentosa, Yehezkiel YehezkielNeurocritical care for traumatic brain injury in intensive care unit of Dr H. Andi Abdurahman Noor Hospital, Indonesia
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Relation of risk factors, management, and outcome of preeclampsia patients at Haji Adam Malik Hospital Medan Indonesia 2014-2015
Azano Syahriza Sitepu, Risman Kaban, Johny Marpaung, Delfi Lutan, M Oky Prabudi, Marwan IndamirsyahRelation of risk factors, management, and outcome of preeclampsia patients at Haji Adam Malik Hospital Medan Indonesia 2014-2015
BACKGROUND: Preeclampsia is one of the biggest causal of the maternal dan fetal mortality rate. Preeclampsia has many etiology and patofisiology which is has its own timeline during the pregnancy process. It also has many risk factor such as, age, gravide status etc. In this study, we tried to find any correlation between risk factor, management with the output of the preeclamptic patient during January 2014 to December 2015
METHODS: All of the preeclamptic patient who give birth at adam malik general hospital during the period will be included (n=87). The data was collected by their medical record and served in table that correlate between risk factor, management with output of the preeclamptic patient and their fetus (via APGAR).
RESULTS: The most common management is MgSO4 and Nifedipine, with the most delivery path is cesarean section. We didn’t find any significant value between risk factor, management with the output. Age and gravide status 1st minute APGAR (p=0,887) and (p=0,92) 5th minute APGAR (p=0,759) and (p=0,496).
CONCLUSION: The most common management is MgSO4 and nifedipine, cesarean section is the most delivery path. We didn’t find any correlation between APGAR acore and any risk factor.
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Blood supply in emergency cases: A brief review
Sianny Herawati, Tjokorda Gde Agung SenapathiBlood supply in emergency cases: A brief review
Background: Blood transfusion services are a vital and integral part of modern healthcare. The decision to transfuse a patient should be considered on the basis of risks and benefits as well as alternative treatments available to avoid over transfusion or under transfusion and adverse effects that may occur.
Objective: This review aims to determine the role of blood supply in emergency cases.
Methods: A total of 20 relevant kinds of literature were studied regarding type of blood supply. The data collection for eligible articles were conducted from 2008 to 2018. Different database and manual search methods were used to find the topic-related articles.
Results: Type of blood component transfused in critically ill patients included whole blood (WB), packed red cells (PRC), fresh frozen plasma (FFP), thrombocyte concentration (TC), and cryoprecipitate. In the pre-transfusion setting, some relevant steps need to be carried out prior to the transfusion process as follows: blood type determination, antibody screen, serologic cross-match, and computer/electronic cross-match. However, the urgent need for transfusion may preclude the performance of usual testing protocol. If blood become an issued in an emergency situation and there is no time for cross-matching, group O Rh-negative packed red cells can be released and the clinician must sign a release authorizing and accepting responsibility for using incompletely tested products.
Conclusion: Group O packed red cells are selected for patients where transfusion cannot be postponed until their ABO and Rh type can be determined with minimal risk for complication.
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Surgical transplantation of impacted maxillary incisor: A case report
Agus Dwi Sastrawan, Bambang Widjanarko, Endang SjamsudinSurgical transplantation of impacted maxillary incisor: A case report
Introduction: Patients with impacted maxillary incisor is a rare case presented in polyclinic Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Gunung Jati General Hospital Cirebon. This case can have a major impact on dental and facial aesthetics.
Case Presentation: A 16 years old female with horizontally impacted permanent maxillary on right central and lateral incisor with retained of right lateral of deciduous incisors and canine. Panoramic and upper occlusal radiographs showed horizontally impacted of right central and lateral incisor. The treatment plan including the extraction of retained deciduous teeth, surgical extraction of the impacted tooth and transplantation of right central and lateral incisor into former socket revocation, continued with interdental wiring with arch bar from right maxillary second premolar to left second premolar, and alignment to achieve normal occlusion. After three months, the tooth was stable and the alignment was proper.
Conclusion: Management of impacted maxillary incisor with surgical transplantation was a successful treatment for this case.
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Optic Nerve Sheath Schwannoma of the Orbit: A case report
Nyoman GoldenOptic Nerve Sheath Schwannoma of the Orbit: A case report
From the anatomical point of view schwannoma of optic nerve is anatomically impossible, as Schwann cells are absent in the optic nerve. However, there were five cases of optic nerve schwannoma had been reported. Among the five cases, three were located in the orbit.
The authors present a case of orbital schwannoma arising from the optic nerve. A 26 year old female presented with gradual decreasing of vision followed by proptosis of the right eye over four years duration. Three weeks before admission the patient was noted totally blind. The globe was straightproptosed with ocular motility was restricted to all direction. There was no perception of light. The pupil was dilated and fixed. The cornea was clear and the sensation was present. There were no birthmarks and family history suggesting neurofibromatosis. CT scan showed an ovoid homogenous enhanced tumor that filled most of the orbit and extended into cavernous sinus through the enlarged superior orbital fissure and into anterior portion of optic canal producing an enlargement of that structure. On the basis of CT scan findings, the preoperative diagnosis in this case included cavernous hemangioma, meningioma and optic nerveglioma.
Frontotemporal craniotomy with orbital osteotomy was performed. The optic canal and the superior orbital fissure were unroofed. The tumor was well encapsulated. Intratumoral decompression and piecemeal capsule resection were done. As the size of the tumor was decreased, the optic nerve just behind the globe was indentified and the medial side of this nerve fused with the mass. Posteriorly optic nerve could not be identified due to it was engulfed by tumor itself. Extension of some tumors into superior orbital fissure and cavernous sinus limited their surgical resection. Postoperatively, the patient experienced temporary ptosis and ophthalmoplegia. The pathological report was optic nerve schwannoma .
This present case is the fourth case of primary orbital optic nerve schwannoma has ever been reported. Since this tumor originates from optic sheath, decreasing of vision would appeared first. The authors suggest to include orbital optic nerve schwannoma in the differential diagnosis of perioptic tumors although its occurence is exceedingly rare.Full Article (HTML) | download PDF
Mutation of the Fas-promoter-670 gene, AA to GA in the normal cervix-epithelial-cells of high risk Indonesian mother: A case report
Mauritius Lambertus Edy Parwanto, Raditya Wratsangka, Assangga Guyansyah, Kirana AnggraeniMutation of the Fas-promoter-670 gene, AA to GA in the normal cervix-epithelial-cells of high risk Indonesian mother: A case report
Background: Normalities of the cervix-epithelial-cells (CEC) can be determined base on the cell morphology and their nucleus. If one of the cervix-epithelial-cells has gene mutations, it will form mutant clones, further growing, developing and malignant. The Fas-promoter-670 gene is allegedly associated with cervical cancer.
Case Presentation: A 30-year-old of high-risk Indonesian mother, has two children, on April 21th 2016 has followed Pap smear examination with thin prep method. Subjects, in this case, had normal cervix-epithelial-cells. Characteristics of the cervix-epithelial-cells include cell biometrics among others cell length, cell width, cell area, cell perimeter, nucleus area, and nucleus perimeter. Fas-promoter-670 genotype in the lymphocytes-cells is AA (normal= wild type), whereas in the cervix-epithelial-cells is GA (heterozygous mutant).
Conclusion: Based on characteristic of cell biometrics, cervix-epithelial-cells in high-risk Indonesian mother is normal. The genotype of the Fas-promoter-670 gene in the lymphocyte cells is AA, whereas in the cervix-epithelial-cells has mutation to GA.
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Utilization of modified digital subtraction angiography in a child with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis presenting with autism spectrum disorder symptoms: A novel approach
Ardianto Pramono, Ristaniah Soetikno, Achmad Hussein Sundawa Kartamihardja, Tinni Trihartini Maskoen, Terawan Agus Putranto, Erwin SetiawanUtilization of modified digital subtraction angiography in a child with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis presenting with autism spectrum disorder symptoms: A novel approach
Background: The limited number of case reports about Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis (CVST), especially in the pediatric population who also present with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) symptoms, prompted the authors to be the pioneer in reporting of pediatric CVST with ASD symptoms case in Indonesia. In this study, we would like to report a case of an 8-year-old patient with ASD who was diagnosed with CVST after undergoing Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) examination. After the diagnosis was established, the patient underwent a modified Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) method, which was later termed as Intra Arterial Heparin Flushing (IAHF) as its treatment option.
Case presentation: An 8-year-old-boy was brought by his parents to Gatot Soebroto Hospital with speech and communication problems, and also cognitive and behavioral problems such as the inability to count, read words, follow orders and maintain emotional stability. After a thorough standard examination by the attending physician, further examination using Magnetic Resonance Imaging with MR perfusion was suggested to establish a diagnosis. The imaging results showed a decrease in blood flow in the transverse sinus and straight sinus, and also in the internal jugular vein. The patient was diagnosed with CVST. The patient underwent anticoagulation therapy, which was administered through a modified DSA method, which was later termed as IAHF procedure, to increase the cerebral blood flow.
Conclusion: After the patient underwent the IAHF procedure, good clinical outcomes were immediately seen, even at six months follow up. The parents reported that there were improvements in the patient’s cognitive and behavioral status.
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Introduction to dendritic cell vaccines immunotherapy for glioblastoma multiforme : A novel approach
Terawan Agus Putranto, Djoko Wibisono, Nyoto Widyo Astoro, Martina Lily Yana, Yudo Rantung, Ida Bagus Amertha Putra ManuabaIntroduction to dendritic cell vaccines immunotherapy for glioblastoma multiforme : A novel approach
Background: The modality of therapy in this era is quite sophisticated. The mortality rate of patients diagnosed with glioblastoma multiforme is still high. It might be due to the late diagnosis of the tumors since most in the early stages some tumors do not show any significant symptoms or the symptoms usually misdiagnosed with another disease. Nowadays there is an uptrend of therapeutic methods called immunotherapy which declared as the fourth approachment for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). In RSPAD Gatot Soebroto Jakarta, the author starts this approach using dendritic cell vaccines in the specialized department called the Indonesia Army Cell Cure Center.
Aim: The report aims to describe a case of GBM treated by dendritic cell vaccines.
Case Report: A 52-year-old woman had weakness in her left extremities and visual impairment in the left eye since 2016. The patient was brought to RSPAD in August 2016 with a history of cerebral hemorrhage, then already underwent a craniotomy at the right temporoparietal region. After biopsies and tissues examination, the patient later diagnosed with GBM. As for judging the natural history of the diseases, the team decided to counsel the patient and her family conducting a new treatment strategy for GBM, immunotherapy. The immunotherapy approach performed in RSPAD was the dendritic cell (DC) vaccines therapy. As regard to post-DC vaccines therapy, the patient showed a significant improvement in her clinical condition (Karnofsky performance status increased from 30% to 60%). Also, the patient surpassed the average survival rate. Thus, the patient still scheduled for a routine follow up and a round of examinations to preserve the patient improved condition.
Conclusion: The patient who has immunotherapy strategy especially dendritic cell vaccines therapy has shown an improved clinical status and survival rate for GBM, more than the average survival rates. These findings might give us more insights into how dendritic cell vaccines therapy can be involved as the fourth therapeutic strategies on treating patients with GBM.
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Influence of zinc supplementation in eosinophil nasal mucous count and quality of life in moderate to severe persistent allergic rhinitis patient in ENT clinic Dr. Kariadi hospital Semarang in November 2016 until January 2017
Atik Masdarinah Sudadi, Riece Hariyati, Anna Mailasari Kusuma DewiInfluence of zinc supplementation in eosinophil nasal mucous count and quality of life in moderate to severe persistent allergic rhinitis patient in ENT clinic Dr. Kariadi hospital Semarang in November 2016 until January 2017
Background : Allergic rhinitis is an inflammation in nasal mucous caused by allergen exposure. Eosinophil has a role the allergic reaction. Examination of eosinophil nasal mucus is a cytologic investigation to diagnose AR. Zink is a micro, and essential nutrient with anti- inflammatory effect suggest to reduce eosinophil nasal mucous and increase the quality of life.Objectives : To determine the effect of zinc supplementation on a mount of eosinophil nasal mucous and quality of life in moderate to severe persistent allergic rhinitis patient. Methods : A single-blinded intervention study pre-test and post-test design.The treatment of zinc 40 mg/24 hour in the moderate to severe persistent allergic rhinitis patient with cetirizine (experimental group) is compare with treatment of cetirizine only (control group). The examination of the zinc serum count of nasal mucous eosinophil and the quality of life in the first and second week after the treatment was compare beetwen the two groups. Result :A total of 34 subjects included in the study. There was a significant decrease in the eosinophil count of nasal mucus in experimental group (p=0.002) and the control group (p=0.001). However the eosinophil count f nasal mucus beetween these groups after intervention showed no significant diference (p=0.375). In contras, the quality of life score between these grups after the intervention is statistically significant (p=0.046).Conclusion : The Zinc supplementation decreases the eosinophil count of nasal mucous before the intervention. However, there is no significant difference between the two groups after the intervention. The Zinc supplementation showed an increase in the quality of life in moderate to severe persistent allergic rhinitis patient.
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The effect of acupressure on respiratory indices in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation
Mojdeh Navidhamidi, Jaleh Mohammad Aliha, Nasim Mehranfard, Anoshirvan KazemnejadThe effect of acupressure on respiratory indices in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation
Background and Purpose: Acupressure as an uncomplicated and non-prescriptive approach may improve respiratory performance in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation. The present study aimed to determine the effect of acupressure on respiratory indices in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation.
Materials and Method: This randomized clinical trial study was conducted in three university hospitals in Tehran. 164 patients undergoing hemodynamic stability, GCS ≥ 9 and eligible for mechanical ventilation, were randomly assigned to one of the intervention and control groups. The intervention group received acupressure daily, twice a day for two consecutive days with routine care, but the control group received just routine care. Acupressure intervention was performed in Zongfeng, Taivan, Hugo, Niguang and Zooslanli locations for 20 minutes. In each session, the respiratory indices of the patients were measured at four stages, before, immediately , 30 minutes and one hour after the intervention. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 18 and inferential statistical tests.
Finding: Statistically significant difference were reported between groups in terms of spontaneous respiratory rate (P = 0.025) and spontaneous minute volume (P = 0.005). In intra-group comparison, there was a significant improvement in expiratory tidal volume in the intervention group. The effect of acupressure in each intervention session was immediate and did not have cumulative effect.
Conclusion: Acupressure could improve respiratory indices in patients with mechanical ventilation. Thus nurses of the intensive care unit can accelerate the improvement of patients undergoing mechanical ventilation by using this non-pharmacological approach.
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