(Available online: 1 August 2017)
Vol 6, No 2 (2017): (Available online: 1 August 2017)
Ali Banihashem Rad Ali Forouzanfar Ershad Aghasizadeh Hossein Hosseinee Zarch Hossein Nekooei Seyed Ahmad Banihashemrad Sara Rajaie
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The toxicity of antiviral plants used in Balinese traditional medicine
Nyoman Adiputra I Gusti Made Aman Ida Bagus Putra Manuaba
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Bonfils intubation fiberscope versus C-MAC videolaryngoscope: hemodynamic stability and incidence of sore throat in endotracheal intubated patients
Tjokorda Gde Agung Senapathi Made Wiryana I Gusti Ngurah Mahaalit Aribawa Andre Van Zundert Otniel Adrians Labobar
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Comparison of the increase of both muscle strength and hypertrophy of biceps brachii muscle in strengthening exercise with low-intensity resistance training with and without the application of blood flow restriction and high-intensity resistance training
David Sugiarto Andri Andriati Hening Laswati Hiroaki Kimura
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Functional evaluation of lumbar spinal stenosis treated with conservative treatment retrospective study
Komang Agung Irianto Imelda Lumban Gaol
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An analysis of competitive situation medical tourism industry: a case study in northwest Iran
Khalil Momeni Ali Janati Ali Imani Rahim Khodayari-Zarnaq Morteza Arab-Zozani
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Relations between KI-67 immunohistochemistry expression with histopathology grading and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) values in adenocarcinoma prostate at Dr H. Adam Malik Hospital, Medan Indonesia
Krisna Murti Syah Mirsya Warli Lidya Imelda Laksmi
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Effect of ionizing radiation on cellular metabolism and virus-producing ability of cell cultures
Еdie M. Plotnikova et al. Andrey I Nikitin Ramzi N Nizamov Haris N Makaev Konstantin Kh Papunidi Nikolay M Vasilevskiy Irina A Arkharova
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The relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and tendency to addiction of male and female students
Sepideh al-Sadat Baniashraf Keyvan Kakabraee
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Investigating the relationship between attachment styles and addiction severity
Marzieh Valizadeh Somayyeh Motazedian Mohammad Rezaeian Kuchi Reza Alipoor
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Immunomorphological indicators in calves after vaccination of cows against colibacillosis and their stimulation with apiphytopreparation “Vita-Force M”
Albert K. Galiullin Rustam Kh. Ravilov Vladimir G. Sofronov Rauis G. Gosmanov Rinat R. Setdekov Rasyh H. Yusupov Ramzi N. Nizamov
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Development of an immunoenzyme test system for diagnosis if rabies
Albert N. Chernov et al. Marina A. Efimova Haris N. Makaev Andrey I. Nikitin Adeliya F. Avzalova Yuliya V. Kalmikova Tagir H. Faizov
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Homeostatic system of sheep against the background of combined effects of pollutants and the use of therapeutic and preventive agents
Konstantin Kh. Papunidi et al. Ilnur R. Kadikov Vadim R. Saitov Eduard I. Semenov Dinard Kh. Gataullin Andrey A. Korchemkin Anna M. Tremasova
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A study into the safety of novel bioresorbable matrices for repairing bone tissue defects
Lenar R. Valiullin et al. Ilgiz I. Idiyatov Vladislav I. Egorov Vadim R. Saitov Konstantin Kh. Papunidi Ivan S. Raginov Sergey Yu. Smolentsev
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The influence of probiotic on the biochemical status of young pigs
Sergey Yu. Smolentsev et al. Lyudmila V. Holodova Ivan N. Polikarpov Lilia E. Matrosova Elena L. Matveeva Alla E. Ivanova Valentina P. Korosteleva
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Effect of aromatherapy on anxiety in patients with acute coronary syndrome hospitalized in cardiac care unit
Mahmood Reza Nematollahi Javad Bazeli Mahdi Basiri Moghaddam Hossein Aalami
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Technological properties and biological value of milk of cows when using ‘Gumifit’ and ‘Maks super gumat’ food additives in their diet
Alexey V. Frolov et al. Valentina P. Korosteleva Galina S. Stepanova Aigul Z. Karimova Alinya R. Nurgalieva Elena L. Matveeva
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Research into the use of protective agents in the case of combined radiation and chemical injury
Andrey I. Nikitin et al. Gennadiy V. Konyukhov Natalya B. Tarasova Ramzi N. Nizamov Nikolay M. Vasilevskiy Lenar R. Fatterahmanov Rashid M. Aslanov
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Studying uterogin drug effectiveness for acute experimental endometritis in rats
Faina V. Shakirova et al. Olga A. Gracheva Ilsur G. Galimzyanov Anastasia N. Valeeva Olga I. Shorkina Dina M. Mukhutdinova Zulfiya M. Zukhrabova
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Screening drugs-potential immunomodulators for T-2 mycotoxicosis
Eduard I. Semenov et al. Nailya N. Mishina Ilnur R. Kadikov Sergey Yu. Smolentsev Andrey I. Nikitin Konstantin Kh. Papunidi Mikhail Ya. Tremasov
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The influence of food supplements and calcium fumarate on chemical composition and energy value of poultry meat
Rustam Kh. Ravilov Ali Kh. Volkov Ellada K. Papunidi Galiya R. Yusupova Laysan F. Yakupova Fazil A. Medethanov Olga A. Gracheva
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Comparison of total seromas between Modified Radical Mastectomy (MRM) with and without skin flap fixation at Dr H. Adam Malik Hospital, Medan Indonesia
Muhammad Ridha Suyatno Suyatno ET Pasaribu
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The development of preparations for specific prevention and treatment of anaerobic enterotoxemia and escherichiosis in calves
Gennadiy N. Spiridonov et al. Andrey I. Nikitin Haris N. Makaev Konstantin Kh. Papunidi Albert N. Chernov Gulnara H. Murtazina Anton G. Spiridonov
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Early diagnosis of radiation injuries by methods of immunochemical and EPR analyses
Gennadiy V. Konyukhov et al. Ramzi N. Nizamov Natalya B. Tarasova Rimma V. Nefedova Vladimir Yu. Petukhov Maryam I. Ibragimova Galiya R. Yusupova
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The relationship between hospital employees' achievement motivation and quality of working life with moderating role of job class: a multigroup analysis
Mohammad Ali Jahani Fahimeh Hoseinian Rostami Ghahraman Mahmoudi Mohammad Amin Bahrami
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The expression of miR-125b, miR-9 and miR-22 oncomiRs in exosomes derived from Jurkat and NB4 cell lines
Sima Taghizadeh Saeid Kaviani Amir Atashi
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Blighted Ovum: Roles of human leukocyte antigen-E and natural killer cells
Sri Sulistyowati Febri Rahadian Supriyadi Hari Respati Soetrisno Soetrisno
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The use of a 49.6 kDa pili protein of Helicobacter pylori for serological diagnosis in mice
Hamong Suharsono I Wayan Masa Tenaya Sumarno Reto Prawiro
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Blood superoxide dismutase (SOD) level has a negative correlation with dry eye (DE) degree
Niti K. Susila N. M. Mahayani A. A. Triningrat I. G. Widiana A. A. Djelantik W. G. Jayanegara
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Hyperuricemia as predictor of in-hospital major adverse cardiac events in patients with acute myocardial infarction treated at Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar-Bali
Rani Paramitha Maliawan Deo Idarto AA Dwi Adelia Yasmin IGN Putra Gunadhi
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Greater carotid intima-media thickness in elderly patients compare to the non-elderly regular hemodialysis patients
Ketut Gede Wiradharma R. A. Tuty Kuswardhani Yenny Kandarini
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Blood glucose and lipid profile in patients with diabetic foot ulcer that underwent hyperbaric oxygen therapy
I Nyoman Semadi Hendry Irawan
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Effect of cognitive-behavioral therapy and spiritual-religious intervention on improving coping responses and quality of life among women with breast cancer in Tehran
Shahrbanoo Ghahari Rahele Fallah Mohammad Mazloumi Rad Nazanin Farrokhi Jafar Bolhari Mehdi Mousavi Zahra Razzaghi Mohammad Esmaeel Akbari
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Non-eosinophilic occupational asthma due to exposure of merbau and bangkirai wood.
Ida Bagus Ngurah Rai Ketut Suryana I Gusti Bagus Ngurah Artana Ida Ayu Jasminarti Dwi Kusumawardani
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Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α), Nuclear Factor of kappa B (NF-kB) p65 and Calcineurin Expression play a role in the regulation of muscle regeneration process through aerobic exercise in HIV patients
Sri Mardjiati Mei Wulan Hening Laswati Windhu Purnomo Alex Pangkahila Nasronudin Nasronudin Usman Hadi
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Moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaf powder to reduce the grade of liver injury of Wistar rat induced with mancozeb
Muhtar Muhtar IGN Riwanto Anies Anies Ari Suwondo
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Correlation between Otic Capsule Density and Serum 25(OH)D with hearing threshold in chronic kidney disease
Edi Handoko Indrasworo Dyah Sucipto Priyo Utomo Andica Apriannisa
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Malarial risk factor identification in southern Minahasa, North Celebes Manado-Indonesia
Odi Roni Pinontoan Maureen I. Punuh
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Open tibial shaft fracture treatment with plating within 6 hours and between 6-24 Hours after Injury
Hamid Pahlevanhosseini Farhad Shahbazi-Bilehsavar Seyyed Mohammad-Jalil Abrisham Mohammad Shafiee
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Impact of endometriosis on work productivity and activity impairment: a descriptive literature review
Mohammad Amin Bahrami Kefayat Chaman-Ara Elham Bahrami
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A systematic review of factors influencing healthcare services marketing in Iran
Yaghoubi Maryam Rafiei Sima Khosravizadeh Omid Mirbahaeddin Elmira Jalilvand Mina Sarkhosh Samaneh Ezzatabadi Ranjbar Mohammad
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Rabies post exposure prevention
Novie H Rampengan
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Total hip arthroplasty performed in a 13-year-old Girl with avasvular necrosis (AVN) of the left hip: A case report
Komang Agung Irianto Adrianto P Perbawa
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Radiographic evaluation of the incisive foramen position by Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) in edentulous anterior maxilla regions and its relationship to dental implant placement of incisor teeth
Ali Banihashem Rad, Ali Forouzanfar, Ershad Aghasizadeh, Hossein Hosseinee Zarch, Hossein Nekooei, Seyed Ahmad Banihashemrad, Sara RajaieRadiographic evaluation of the incisive foramen position by Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) in edentulous anterior maxilla regions and its relationship to dental implant placement of incisor teeth
Background: The implants with increasing dental implant placement of missing teeth haves already paid attention for its success and popularity of this treatment. However, dental implant placement in the anterior maxilla region in terms of anatomic and beauty is limited. One of the main factor is structure limitations in incisive foramen area.
Objective: This study aim to evaluate the position of the incisive foramen by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and its relation to dental implant placement of incisor teeth.
Methods: This case-series study consisted of 64 women and 36 men. CBCT images for edentulous anterior maxilla were conducted by using limited field of view (FOV) of 4*5. Reformatted sagittal and coronal slices were analyzed for dimensions of the incisive foramen, the incisive canal, and buccal bone wall. There were 9 parameters measured regarding to incisive foramen including the incisive canal length and buccal bone width (millimeters, [mm]).
Results: The mean length of the incisive canal was 7.905±2.201 mm, width of incisive foramen (coronal view) 3.094±0.922 mm and 2.818±0.828 mm (sagittal view). The mean volume and length of incisive canal were greater and significant (p<0.001) in men than women. However, the mean width of incisive foramen, Stensen foramen, and incisive foramen distances to alveolar bone crest were greater and significant (p=0.001) in women than men.
Conclusion: The width of incisive foramen in 58% edentulous patients was more than 2.5 mm. In such cases, authors recommend replacing lateral incisors with dental implants instead of central incisors when possible.
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The toxicity of antiviral plants used in Balinese traditional medicine
Nyoman Adiputra, I Gusti Made Aman, Ida Bagus Putra ManuabaThe toxicity of antiviral plants used in Balinese traditional medicine
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Bonfils intubation fiberscope versus C-MAC videolaryngoscope: hemodynamic stability and incidence of sore throat in endotracheal intubated patients
Tjokorda Gde Agung Senapathi, Made Wiryana, I Gusti Ngurah Mahaalit Aribawa, Andre Van Zundert, Otniel Adrians LabobarBonfils intubation fiberscope versus C-MAC videolaryngoscope: hemodynamic stability and incidence of sore throat in endotracheal intubated patients
Introduction: Hemodynamic stability at laryngoscopic intubation is influenced by mechanical stimuli on the affected area of the oropharynx. The use of appropriate tools can lower mechanical stimuli and lead to a better outcome. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the use of Bonfils intubation fiberscope provided a better hemodynamic stability, and decreased the incidence of a sore throat compared to Macintosh videolaryngoscope. Materials and Methods: We conducted a non-blind randomized controlled trial. It was conducted at Sanglah Hospital, Indonesia, in September to October 2016 with a sample of 50 people. The sample was divided into two groups. The patients were induced by propofol TCI target effect 4 µg/ml and analgesia with fentanyl 2 mcg/kg. Hemodynamic conditions assessed since the induction, one minute before intubation, and one minute, three minutes, and five minutes after laryngoscopy intubation. A sore throat was evaluated before and after treatment. Results: The MAP value and pulse rate in one minute and three minutes after laryngoscopy intubation in CMAC group were significantly higher compared to Bonfils group (p<0.001). The proportion of a postoperative sore throat is significantly different between the two groups (p=0.042). Conclusion: Bonfils intubation fiberscope proved better in providing hemodynamic stability and decreased the incidence of a sore throat compared to Macintosh videolaryngoscope in patients underwent general anesthesia.
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Comparison of the increase of both muscle strength and hypertrophy of biceps brachii muscle in strengthening exercise with low-intensity resistance training with and without the application of blood flow restriction and high-intensity resistance training
David Sugiarto, Andri Andriati, Hening Laswati, Hiroaki KimuraComparison of the increase of both muscle strength and hypertrophy of biceps brachii muscle in strengthening exercise with low-intensity resistance training with and without the application of blood flow restriction and high-intensity resistance training
Background: Strengthening exercise is an important component of rehabilitation programs. Recently, it is reported that strengthening exercise with low-intensity resistance training (20-30% of 1 Repetition Maximum) combined with the application of blood flow restriction potentially increases muscle strength and induces muscle hypertrophy as well.
Objective: This study aims to compare the increase in muscle strength and hypertrophy among the muscles trained with high-intensity resistance training (HIRT), low-intensity resistance training combined with the application of blood flow restriction using a sphygmomanometer cuff (LIRT+BFR) and low-intensity resistance training (LIRT) alone. Method: The subjects (n=18) are randomly and equally divided into three groups, those are the groups getting the strengthening exercise for left Biceps Brachii muscle with HIRT (70% of 1 RM), LIRT (30% of 1 RM)+BFR and LIRT (30% of 1 RM). Before starting and after getting the resistance training for five weeks, each subject is measured for the left arm circumference. Results: HIRT and LIRT+BFR produce an increase of the left arm circumference significantly greater than LIRT. However, there is no significant difference in the increase of left arm circumference between the HIRT and LIRT+BFR. There is a significant difference in the increase of the peak torque of left flexion elbow joint among the three groups, either at 60o/s or 120o/s or 180o/s angular velocity. At 60o/s angular velocity, LIRT+BFR produces the greatest increasing of the left elbow peak torque among the three groups. At both 120o/s and 180o/s angular velocity, there is no significant difference in the increase of the peak torque of flexion left elbow joint between HIRT and either LIRT+BFR or LIRT. However, at both 120o/s and 180o/s angular velocity, there is a significant difference in the increase of the peak torque of flexion left elbow joint between LIRT+BFR and LIRT.
Conclusion: the strengthening exercise for Biceps Brachii muscle with LIRT+BFR induces the Biceps Brachii muscle hypertrophy and increases the muscle strength more than strengthening exercise with LIRT alone. Compared to the HIRT, LIRT+BFR induces an equal muscle hypertrophy and increases more muscle strength for the trained Biceps Brachii muscle.
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Functional evaluation of lumbar spinal stenosis treated with conservative treatment retrospective study
Komang Agung Irianto, Imelda Lumban GaolFunctional evaluation of lumbar spinal stenosis treated with conservative treatment retrospective study
Background: Approximately 75% men have low-back pain, and most of them come to get treated for acute low-back pain and cure without operation. Conservative treatment procedures, including surgery, have never been evaluated carefully. Objectives: To assess the efficacy of conservative treatment in Lumbar Spinal Stenosis (LSS) and how to choose the patient for conservative treatment. Material and Methods: As many as 30 patients (9 men and 21 women) who were undergoing treatment between January and December 2014 in Orthopaedic and Traumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga Unversity-dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Orthopaedic and Traumatology Hospital (RSOT) Surabaya were recruited for the study. The mean of age of the participants was 51.9 years LSS (diagnostic with plain radiography and MRI) without indicated operation and they were treated conservatively with TENS, WSD, and ultrasonography and NSAIDs for 6–12 weeks. We evaluate VAS and ODI and assigned scores to predict the efficacy of conservative treatment. Results: VAS decreased significantly in patients with mild and moderate VAS prior to conservative treatment 68.1% (p < 0.001). ODI improved significantly in a patient with a mild and moderate disability prior to conservative treatment 87.5% (p < 0,000). On the basis of scores assigned to predict the efficacy of conservative treatment, we fixed sensitivity and specificity at cut point £ 3.50. Conclusions: Conservative treatment can be effective in some LSS patients if the indications are correctly presented.
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An analysis of competitive situation medical tourism industry: a case study in northwest Iran
Khalil Momeni, Ali Janati, Ali Imani, Rahim Khodayari-Zarnaq, Morteza Arab-ZozaniAn analysis of competitive situation medical tourism industry: a case study in northwest Iran
Background: Medical tourism is a relatively new concept where patients travel to a foreign destination to obtain quality medical treatments which much better or comparable and also available at a significantly lower cost. Though, a number of literature available with regard to the tourism industry and the competitiveness of the destination for medical tourists are hardly focused specifically in Northwest Iran.
Purpose: The aim of this study is to determine the competitive status of East Azerbaijan province medical tourism industry.
Materials and Method: It was a qualitative study which conducted in-depth interviews with 15 key stakeholders of the tourism industry in East Azerbaijan Province (North-West of Iran). Purposive sampling technique was used and the data analyzed by using framework analysis based on Porter's diamond model.
Results: In the factory conditions, there are 8 sub-themes such as political and ideological attitudes, similarities of language, culture, restrictions on communication skills, and tourist attractions. In the demand conditions, there is fame of the physicians and the waiting time for receiving medical treatment. In the strategy for structure and rivalry, 7 sub-themes are included such as lack of hospitals approved by JCI, affordability of medical and tourism service prices, inefficient advertising system, and the strengthening medical tourism infrastructure in neighboring countries. Others regarding with supporting industries are poor tourism infrastructure, inadequate support of private sector, poor transfer of medical tourists, and Visa facilitation services.
Conclusion: Long-term planning and involvement of private sector in strengthening the tourism infrastructure should be put at agenda in terms of making province’s medical tourism policy.
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Relations between KI-67 immunohistochemistry expression with histopathology grading and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) values in adenocarcinoma prostate at Dr H. Adam Malik Hospital, Medan Indonesia
Krisna Murti, Syah Mirsya Warli, Lidya Imelda LaksmiRelations between KI-67 immunohistochemistry expression with histopathology grading and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) values in adenocarcinoma prostate at Dr H. Adam Malik Hospital, Medan Indonesia
Background: The degree of proliferation of a tumor is closely related to the biological behavior of these tumors, there is research showing over-expression of Ki-67 in prostate adenocarcinoma that associated with increased histopathology grading which showed an aggressive tumor. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the relations between Ki-67 immunohistochemistry (IHC) expression with histopathology grading and PSA values in prostate adenocarcinoma patients at Dr. H. Adam Malik Hospital. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional analytic study. The research was carried out in Division of Urology and Pathology Anatomy of Medicine Faculty of Sumatera Utara University at Dr. H. Adam Malik Hospital. Results: In this study, it was found that over-expression of Ki-67 as many as six patients (40%) in grade group 2 (3 + 4 = 7), while as many as 15 patients (100%) with low-expression of Ki-6. In this study, it was found over-expression of Ki-67 as many as six patients (40%) in the Gleason Score 7 to the degree of moderately differentiated histology, while as many as 15 patients (100%) on the Gleason Score ≤6 well-differentiated histology degrees with low-expression of Ki 67. Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between expression of Ki-67 IHC with histopathology grading adenocarcinoma of the prostate (p> 0.05). There is no significant relationship Expression of Ki-67 IHC with PSA values in prostate adenocarcinoma (p <0.05).
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Effect of ionizing radiation on cellular metabolism and virus-producing ability of cell cultures
Еdie M. Plotnikova et al., Andrey I Nikitin, Ramzi N Nizamov, Haris N Makaev, Konstantin Kh Papunidi, Nikolay M Vasilevskiy, Irina A ArkharovaEffect of ionizing radiation on cellular metabolism and virus-producing ability of cell cultures
The studies were conducted with the aim to investigate the possibilities of using radiation biotechnology methods for decontamination of cell culture media, stimulation of cell growth in cultures, and virus reproduction on the latter. The simulation of artificial contamination of culture media was performed by supplementing the media with bacterial agents at a dose of 1.5 × 106 CFU/mL and infectious povine rhinotracheitis virus at a dose of 0.2 cm3/100 cm3 (g) of a medium, with the virus titer of 6.0 lg TCD 50/cm3. Both native and contaminated with the above-specified microorganisms culture media were exposed to γ radiation in the “Issledovatel” γ irradiation facility in the dose range from 0.1 to 1 × 104 Gy. It was established that reliable decontamination of dry culture media was achieved by their exposure to γ radiation at doses of 0.5−2 × 10Gy, whereas decontamination of liquid culture media was efficient at doses of 1.0−2 × 104 Gy. Following artificial contamination of cell culture media, with microorganisms of bacterial and viral nature, reliable radiosterilization was accomplished by γ irradiation at a dose of 3 × 104 Gy. The outcomes of cytological studies showed that a single and twice repeated exposures of Madin–Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cell cultures to a wide dose range (0.5–10.0 Gy) of γ rays exerted divergent influence on cells: low doses (0.5–1 Gy) stimulated cell growth, development, and proliferation, whereas high doses inhibited those processes increasing cell death. Exposure of cells to a low dose (0.05 Gy) and, repeatedly, to a high dose (5.95 Gy) of γ radiation stimulated cell growth and proliferative activity in the MDBK cell line. It was found that pre-irradiation of cells with a low dose (0.05 Gy) and a consequent re-exposure to a high dose (5.95 Gy) inhibited chromosomal aberrations in the form of bridges, fragments, and breaks. Therefore, based on the study results, the optimal modes of decontamination of cell culture media by γ irradiation were determined. By the method of fractionated irradiation, a new MDBK-0.2 cell subline was obtained with increased proliferative and virus reproduction activity.
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The relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and tendency to addiction of male and female students
Sepideh al-Sadat Baniashraf, Keyvan KakabraeeThe relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and tendency to addiction of male and female students
Background: Individuals with high EI are less likely to require cognitive efforts for solving EI problems. Conversely, individuals who lack the ability of emotional regulation are more likely to be influenced by environmental factors. Objective: This article aimed to study the relationship between the Emotional Intelligence (EI) and Tendency to Addiction and compare EI of male and female students. This is an applied, comparative, and correlational study. Method: The statistical population consisted of all male and female students of 2nd grade of high school in the academic year of 2014-2015. A total of 380 students (180 male and 180 female) were enrolled as the sample using multi-stage random sampling. The data were collected using two questionnaires: Schutte Self-Report Emotional Intelligence Test (SSEIT) and Addiction Potential Scale (APS). Result: Descriptive statistics were employed. For the hypothesis testing, MANOVA and Pearson correlation were concurrently used. The results showed that a significant difference was found between male and female students in terms of EI and its components (appraisal and expression of emotion, regulation of emotion, and utilization of emotion). Discussion: Female students obtained higher EI scores. Thus, individuals who are not capable of controlling their EI skills are more likely to tend to addiction. Conclusion: EI and its components have a significant relationship with a tendency to addiction.
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Investigating the relationship between attachment styles and addiction severity
Marzieh Valizadeh, Somayyeh Motazedian, Mohammad Rezaeian Kuchi, Reza AlipoorInvestigating the relationship between attachment styles and addiction severity
Introduction: The results of some studies show that personality patterns in response to stressful stimuli play an important role in the possibility of developing psychological trauma. The present study investigates the relationship between attachment styles and severity of addiction in patients referred to drug rehabilitation center of Dr. Ali Shariati Hospital Fasa in 2016. Method: In this cross-sectional study, by using random sampling method, 150 of those addicts who had referred to drug rehabilitation centers of Shariati Hospital were selected. Therefore, Collins and Read’s standard questionnaire of attachment styles and addiction severity index (ASI) were used to collect data. Data were analyzed with SPSS software version 19, using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (correlation coefficient and ANOVA). Results: The mean age of subjects was 33.14 ± 2.49 years, and all of them were men. Sixty percent (n = 90) were married and 40% (60 patients) were single. The results of this study showed that the type of drug used by participants is different and most of them use opiates. There was a significant relationship between insecure anxious and ambivalent attachment styles and severity of addiction (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Most addicts have insecure attachment styles including ambivalence and avoidant style. Also, people who have insecure attachment styles, have a more severe addiction. Therefore, it is suggested to the authorities to hold some classes and workshops to increase the awareness of families on the impact of attachment styles on psychological characteristics of individuals, such as addiction.
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Immunomorphological indicators in calves after vaccination of cows against colibacillosis and their stimulation with apiphytopreparation “Vita-Force M”
Albert K. Galiullin, Rustam Kh. Ravilov, Vladimir G. Sofronov, Rauis G. Gosmanov, Rinat R. Setdekov, Rasyh H. Yusupov, Ramzi N. NizamovImmunomorphological indicators in calves after vaccination of cows against colibacillosis and their stimulation with apiphytopreparation “Vita-Force M”
Abstract. Young livestock more often suffers from gastrointestinal diseases, especially colibacillosis. Growing healthy young livestock and their preservation from diseases and death are one of the main tasks in animal husbandry and veterinary medicine. Diseases and death of young livestock, especially in the first month of their lives, cause significant economic loss as a result of deaths and forced slaughter, low level of productivity and breeding abilities of animals, financial and labor costs for treatment and prevention. Currently, the best way to fight these diseases is active immunization of pregnant cows and sows. At present there is a growing trend towards developing and taking preparations made from natural raw materials, many of which possess diverse biological activity, capable of stimulating the immune system and at the same time harmless for the body. These include preparations made from bee products. There are data on the influence of bee products on the immunogenesis in the cases of severe clinical diseases of various etiologies of infectious and noninfectious origin. Colibacillosis developed in critical periods of calves’ lives causes the development of pronounced immunodeficiency in the organism, accompanied by a decrease in the number of T-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of 17.25% in the thymus – by 3,15x106 cells.
On livestock farms where there are a lot of cases of colibacillosis vaccination of cows with the SP4PV vaccine against colibacillosis after stimulation with apiphytopreparation “Vita-Force M” leads to a balanced immune system. Using a similar stimulation for 7-day-old calves during 5 days leads to the increase in the number of T-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood by 3.98%, in the thymus - by 1,01х106 cells, that contributes to a balanced immune system.
After immunization of cows with the SP4PV vaccine against colibacillosis, apiphytopreparation "Vita-Force M" displays adjuvant properties activating changes in T- and B-dependent areas of lymphoid organs and cytological composition of mesenteric lymph nodes by increasing the area of the cortex in the thymus, strengthening the productive phase of the immune response, improving immunogenic properties of the vaccine, modulating T- and B-cell cooperation of lymphocytes.
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Development of an immunoenzyme test system for diagnosis if rabies
Albert N. Chernov et al., Marina A. Efimova, Haris N. Makaev, Andrey I. Nikitin, Adeliya F. Avzalova, Yuliya V. Kalmikova, Tagir H. FaizovDevelopment of an immunoenzyme test system for diagnosis if rabies
Abstract. Rabies remains one of the most serious and pressing problems for veterinary science and medicine. According to the data of Rosselkhoznadzor Information and analytical center, the Russian Federation has been an area of natural focal endemicity for many years [13]. An important stage in the control and eradication of rabies in its laboratory diagnosis by detection of virus antigen in the pathological material. The aim of the study was to design an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test kit intended for the laboratory diagnosis of rabies in agricultural, domestic, and wild carnivores. Obtaining specific components for the kit, the GNKI “Sheep” master seed strain of rabies virus, the standard CVS strain of rabies virus, and white mice of the BALB line were used.
In order to obtain high-activity of specific immunoglobulins (Igs ), the processes of antirabies serum production, immunoglobulin isolation, and purification have been improved as well as the conditions for immunoglobulin conjugation with peroxidase. It was found that the binding ratio should not to be lower than 0.45–0.6.
A method of inactivation of rabies virus antigen has been developed, which eliminates the risk of being infected for laboratory workers and shows high specific activity in serological tests. The optimal concentrations of the reactants (immunoglobulin, antigen, conjugated) were determined; basic conditions for conducting the reaction were identified (pH of the carbonate/bicarbonate coating buffer, the optimum temperature, and duration of incubation) that ensure the required level of accuracy and sensitivity of the method.
As a result of the conducted studies, a "Kit of preparations for the laboratory diagnosis of animal rabies in animals by ELISA method" was developed. The correlation between results obtained by the immunofluorescence (IF) method and the enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay (ELISA) methods was determined; the compliance coefficient constituted 98.8%, the sensitivity threshold of ELISA method being 3.3 Ig LD50 / ml. The sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility of the developed test system were determined through laboratory and production tests.
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Homeostatic system of sheep against the background of combined effects of pollutants and the use of therapeutic and preventive agents
Konstantin Kh. Papunidi et al., Ilnur R. Kadikov, Vadim R. Saitov, Eduard I. Semenov, Dinard Kh. Gataullin, Andrey A. Korchemkin, Anna M. TremasovaHomeostatic system of sheep against the background of combined effects of pollutants and the use of therapeutic and preventive agents
Abstract. Nowadays, increasing harmful effects of environmental factors and their intensifying influence go beyond biological adaptability of ecosystems to the changes in the environment and pose a direct threat to the life and health of animals and humans.
In general, xenobiotics, especially dioxins, enter the environment in small amounts but possessing material and functional cumulation they can cause considerable harm to the body.
Analysis of our study shows that the xenobiotics entering the body of animals even at low concentrations cause functional changes in the body. Thus, the administration of 2,3,7,8-TCDD at a dose of 1/400 LD50 (0.5 µg/kg of body weight) and T-2 toxin at a dose of 200 µg/kg of fodder weight into the body of sheep causes erythropenia, leukopenia, hemoglobinemia, and a decrease in the number of T- and B-lymphocytes. The experiments show that xenobiotics is affecting the liver tissue cause lysis of hepatocytes releasing liver enzymes such as alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase into the blood. The increase in these enzymes in serum reflects not only the liver injuries but also the dysfunction of other organs. In addition, dioxin and T-2 toxin cause an increase in the level of malondialdehyde, which results from lipid peroxidation.
The application of DAS-2 at a dose of 3 ml/h and bentonite at a dose of 2% of dry matter, succinic acid at a dose of 25 mg/kg of body weight, and bentonite at the above-mentioned dose has a positive effect on sheep in combined dioxin and T-2 toxin poisoning and is characterized by the normalization of hematological, biochemical indicators, the content of T- and B-lymphocytes, and a decrease in the malondialdehyde content.
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A study into the safety of novel bioresorbable matrices for repairing bone tissue defects
Lenar R. Valiullin et al., Ilgiz I. Idiyatov, Vladislav I. Egorov, Vadim R. Saitov, Konstantin Kh. Papunidi, Ivan S. Raginov, Sergey Yu. SmolentsevA study into the safety of novel bioresorbable matrices for repairing bone tissue defects
Abstract. The work was aimed at conducting a comparative study into the toxicological safety of the obtained highly purified composite material comprising demineralized bone matrix for repairing bone defects. To investigate the biological properties of the demineralized bone matrix and the developed highly purified bone matrix, a culture of immortalized fetal bovine lung (LEK) cells was used. The effect of highly purified bone matrix on cells was studied by the method of cell culture in the presence of the preparation. To accomplish the task, many cell culture techniques were used, including the determination of the percentage of cell death, the level of lactate dehydrogenase synthesis, and the level of glucose uptake by cells exposed to different doses of the highly purified demineralized bone matrix. The results of the study indicate that exposure of a cell culture to the demineralized bone matrix at a dose of 2000 mg/l decreased the level of glucose uptake by cells by 18.2% as compared to control. Exposure to the highly purified bone matrix at the same doses yielded 35% glucose uptake by cells. Exposure of the LEK cell line to the demineralized bone matrix at a dose of 2000 mg /l led to the cell death rate exceeding that of control by 97%. When exposed to the highly purified demineralized bone matrix, cell death increased by 10.9% compared to control. Exposure of the cell culture to demineralized bone matrix at a dose of 2000 mg /l indicated that the level of enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) synthesis by cells was only 11% higher than that in control, whereas the level of LDH synthesis induced by exposure to highly purified bone matrix at the same doses constituted 36.9%. Therefore, the highly purified bone matrix has low toxicity on mammalian cells, which suggests a potential use of the product in clinical practice for repairing bone tissue defects.
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The influence of probiotic on the biochemical status of young pigs
Sergey Yu. Smolentsev et al., Lyudmila V. Holodova, Ivan N. Polikarpov, Lilia E. Matrosova, Elena L. Matveeva, Alla E. Ivanova, Valentina P. KorostelevaThe influence of probiotic on the biochemical status of young pigs
Abstract. Nowadays the fact of positive effects of new environmentally friendly and at the same time highly effective probiotic, antibacterial drugs on the body of young pigs attract particular attention of scientists. One of such drugs is sporobacterin. The aim of this study is to determine the influence of this drug on the physiological, morphological, and biochemical status of young pigs. The research was carried out on a pig farm «Ozerny» in the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia. The objects of the research were 75 one-day-old large white piglets, each weighing 1.1–1.2 kg. The young pigs were divided into three groups. Every day for 30 days the piglets of the first experimental group were given sporobacterin liquid at a dose of 0.2 ml/h, and a dose of 0.5 ml/h was administered to the second experimental group. The animals of the control group were on a basic diet. The study has shown that the administration of sporobacterin liquid at a dose of 0.2 and 0.5 ml/h induced high physiological activity. Morphological and biochemical blood composition in piglets of the experimental groups had improved by the age of 60 days. The total protein level in the serum of piglets increased by 8.95% and 8.98%; albumin, 6.13% and 7.37%; globulin, 10.79% and 11.43%; and gamma globulin, 27.74%, and 28.05%. The dose of 0.5 ml/h was more effective on average by 0.75%.
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Effect of aromatherapy on anxiety in patients with acute coronary syndrome hospitalized in cardiac care unit
Mahmood Reza Nematollahi, Javad Bazeli, Mahdi Basiri Moghaddam, Hossein AalamiEffect of aromatherapy on anxiety in patients with acute coronary syndrome hospitalized in cardiac care unit
Anxiety is one of the main causes of heart attacks in patients hospitalized for heart disease. There are different ways to reduced anxiety. Aromatherapy is one of the methods used to reduce anxiety. This study determines the effects of aromatherapy on anxiety of patients with ACS hospitalized in a cardiac care unit. This clinical trial was conducted in 2016 on 60 patients diagnosed with ACS and hospitalized in CCU of 22 Bahman Hospital, Gonabad. Patients were recruited by convenient sampling and assigned randomly to control and experiment groups. The experiment group received aromatherapy with a combination of essential oils of lavender, Matricaria recutita, and neroli (6:2:0.5) three consecutive nights; the control group received no intervention. Data were analyzed by using SPSS20, independent t-tests, chi-square test, and exact Fisher test (p < 0.05). Each group contained 30 participants who were not significantly different in terms of underlying characteristics (p > 0.05). There was a significant difference in the mean score of anxiety post- (p < 0.04) and pre-intervention (p < 0.001). The post- and pre-intervention scores were significant between the two groups (p < 0.001). The mean score of anxiety increased in the control group and decreased in the experiment group. Thus, it was concluded that aromatherapy is a cost-effective and uncomplicated method that can reduce anxiety of patients with ACS hospitalized in the CCU.
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Technological properties and biological value of milk of cows when using ‘Gumifit’ and ‘Maks super gumat’ food additives in their diet
Alexey V. Frolov et al., Valentina P. Korosteleva, Galina S. Stepanova, Aigul Z. Karimova, Alinya R. Nurgalieva, Elena L. MatveevaTechnological properties and biological value of milk of cows when using ‘Gumifit’ and ‘Maks super gumat’ food additives in their diet
Abstract. As a result of intensive farming, the soil is constantly exhausted. The lack of the useful material in the soil leads to its deficiency in plants and then in the feed. Consuming such food, livestock does not get all the necessary nutrients, because of which their level of productivity and production quality decreases. As a result, farms receive less profit, and consumers do not receive adequate nutrition. Constantly growing population's need for food is adding to the problem. One of the ways to eliminate the deficiencies in animals’ organs is the use of food additives. At the present time, many of such preparations are developed and effectively used. As a rule, they contain macro- and micronutrients, sometimes vitamins, amino acids. There are also mono-mineral preparations. We studied food additives Gumifit and Maks Super Gumat and found out that like other humic substances they have a broader chemical composition. A special feature of the additive Gumifit is that its structure can be adapted to the conditions of the intended place of application –– the Republic of Tatarstan, for which the preparation is enriched with iodine, copper, and cobalt, the deficit is observed in the soils of the region. The previous studies have discovered an increase of fertility of agricultural animals, including cows’ milk yield upon the use of these preparations. But to obtain a complete picture of the impact of new additives on animals’ organs we need to study the quality of products derived from them. Further studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of feed additives Gumifit and Maks Super Gumat on technological properties and biological value of cows’ milk.
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Research into the use of protective agents in the case of combined radiation and chemical injury
Andrey I. Nikitin et al., Gennadiy V. Konyukhov, Natalya B. Tarasova, Ramzi N. Nizamov, Nikolay M. Vasilevskiy, Lenar R. Fatterahmanov, Rashid M. AslanovResearch into the use of protective agents in the case of combined radiation and chemical injury
Laboratory and agricultural animals were used to carry out the present study on the specific features of combined injury caused by long-term intake of ecotoxicant cadmium chloride and the exposure of intoxicated animals to gamma rays at half-lethal doses (LD50). The study showed that combined injury in white mice were accompanied by the weakening of their general condition, sluggishness, decreased appetite, diarrhea, adynamy, body weight decrease, falling counts of leukocytes, T- and B- lymphocytes, and protein sulfhydryl groups in parallel with an increase in the levels of malondialdehyde and quinoid radiotoxic. Dissection of dead animals revealed the signs of the hemorrhagic syndrome, hyperemia of blood vessels in internal organs, gastroenterocolitis, and hemorrhage in the intestinal mucosa, liver, kidneys, as well as pulmonary edema and a swollen spleen. The survival rate of animals subjected to combined radiation and chemical exposure was 10% against 55–60% survival among animals subjected to chemical or radiation exposure alone.
As radioprotective and antidote agents, antiradiation therapeutic and prophylactic immunoglobulin (TU 9380-073-00008064-98) and bentonite from Biklyansky field deposit (Tatarstan, Russia) were selected which when used in isolation, have radioprotective and sorption effects on the body.
It was established that a three-dose (after 2, 24, and 48 hours) subcutaneous administration of antiradiation therapeutic and prophylactic immunoglobulin at a dose of 50 mg / kg to animals affected by the two pathological factors, as well as the introduction of bentonite into their diets at the rate of 2% of the ration weight ensured a survival rate in the range of 80–100% in relation to the 55% and 90% death rates among non-treated animals, by reducing the level of toxicant accumulation in organs and tissues and accelerating toxicant elimination from the body. The mechanism of resistance development in injured and treated animals is implemented through the inhibition of pancytopenia, protection of the immune-hematopoietic system, correction of the prooxidant system function, as well as the ion-exchange sorption of the toxicant by bentonite.
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Studying uterogin drug effectiveness for acute experimental endometritis in rats
Faina V. Shakirova et al., Olga A. Gracheva, Ilsur G. Galimzyanov, Anastasia N. Valeeva, Olga I. Shorkina, Dina M. Mukhutdinova, Zulfiya M. ZukhrabovaStudying uterogin drug effectiveness for acute experimental endometritis in rats
Abstract. It is known that acute endometritis is accompanied by endogenous intoxication, which has a strong negative impact on the functional condition of vital organs and systems. The ability of drugs used for the treatment of endometritis to prevent the development of the inflammatory process, to reduce the degree of endogenous intoxication, and to promote the rapid normalization of the clinical status of animals is a valuable property when practicing pharmacotherapy of uterus inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the pharmacological activity of Uterogin drug as a therapeutic agent when used in the acute phase of the inflammatory process of reproductive system organs, and in particular, in experimental endometritis in rats. It has been established that formalin introduction into the cavity of uterine horns can simulate an acute form of endometritis. The development of experimental endometritis occurs in the background of the overall endogenous intoxication and is accompanied by a change in a number of general clinical indicators, namely suppression, decreased motor activity, disruption of the gastrointestinal tract function, increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, decreased hemoglobin level, decreased red blood cell count, and an increase in the number of microxyphil neutrophils. The subcutaneous introduction of Uterogin in acute experimental endometritis in rats significantly reduces the inflammatory response, limits the spread of inflammation, and prevents the development of destructive and necrotic processes. The recovery of motor activity of animals is accelerated, and their clinical status is normalized. Changes in blood are less pronounced in animals to which Uterogin drug was applied twice. The anatomic and echographic studies confirm a pronounced therapeutic effect of the drug in question for acute endometritis in rats. We can draw a conclusion about the possibility of using Uterogin for clinically ill animals on the basis of the data obtained.
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Screening drugs-potential immunomodulators for T-2 mycotoxicosis
Eduard I. Semenov et al., Nailya N. Mishina, Ilnur R. Kadikov, Sergey Yu. Smolentsev, Andrey I. Nikitin, Konstantin Kh. Papunidi, Mikhail Ya. TremasovScreening drugs-potential immunomodulators for T-2 mycotoxicosis
Abstract. The aim of the research was to study the effectiveness of substances with an immunostimulating effect in T-2 mycotoxicosis. Subacute T-2 mycotoxicosis was simulated in male, white Wistar rats by administering intragastrically, a toxic at a dose of 1/5 LD50 (0.64 mg/kg of body weight) for 15 days, at the same time the animals were immunized with the vaccine against colibacteriosis (on the first day of the experiment). The following drugs were tested: "Xymedon" (1-(β-oxyethyl)-4,6-dimethyl-1,2-dihydro-2-oxopyrimidine) was administered intragastrically at a dose of 75 mg/kg daily; "Dimephosphone" (Dimethyloxobuthylphosphonilmethylate) at a dose of 90 mg/kg daily; “Levamisole” (S)-2,3,5,6-Tetrahydro-5-phenylimidazo[2,1-b]thiazole hydrochloride) intragastrically at a dose of 4 mg/kg for the first 3 days, after a 4-day break it was administered again for 3 days; "Thymalin" (thymus extract derived from thymus glands of large animals) administered intramuscularly at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg for 5 days from 7th day of the experiment. All experimental animals were immunized with the vaccine against colibacteriosis; the vaccine was administered intramuscularly into the back of the thigh at a dose of 0.5 ml per day. The criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of the drugs were hematological indicators, immunological indicators and accumulation of specific antibodies to the vaccine. It has been established that all the tested drugs had a protective effect which was expressed in positive changes in hematological, immunological and non-specific resistance indicators. “Thymalin" had the most pronounced protective effect in toxicosis with T-2 toxin in rats, "Xymedon" had the least protective effect, "Dimephosphone” had an average level of effect. "Thymalin" proved to be more effective according to the indicators of the accumulation of specific antibodies.
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The influence of food supplements and calcium fumarate on chemical composition and energy value of poultry meat
Rustam Kh. Ravilov, Ali Kh. Volkov, Ellada K. Papunidi, Galiya R. Yusupova, Laysan F. Yakupova, Fazil A. Medethanov, Olga A. GrachevaThe influence of food supplements and calcium fumarate on chemical composition and energy value of poultry meat
The satisfaction of needs of the population in quality food is the most important social problem in modern society. Meat is of great importance in human diet because of its nutritional value due to biologically complete and easily digestible protein content. The world production of poultry meat exceeds the production of meat of other animals by more than 2.7 times over the past two decades. Poultry meat is a dietary product; it is a healthy and delicious source of easily digestible proteins, vitamins, and fatty acids. The development and introduction of new means for prevention of poultry diseases and improvement of the quality of poultry products are a priority in the development strategy. The inclusion of succinic acid, food supplements “Vita” and “Extrafit” in the diet of poultry helps increase the amount of protein in muscle tissue improving the nutritional value of meat. Poultry meat has excellent organoleptic properties which show positive dynamics in their application and comply with the standards for the high-quality poultry which indicate its biological safety.
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Comparison of total seromas between Modified Radical Mastectomy (MRM) with and without skin flap fixation at Dr H. Adam Malik Hospital, Medan Indonesia
Muhammad Ridha, Suyatno Suyatno, ET PasaribuComparison of total seromas between Modified Radical Mastectomy (MRM) with and without skin flap fixation at Dr H. Adam Malik Hospital, Medan Indonesia
Introduction: Breast cancer is the second cancer in the world and in women, it estimated with 1.67 million new cases of breast cancer in 2012. Breast cancer is often found in the developing and underdeveloped country. Modified Radical Mastectomy (MRM) is one of modality therapy in breast cancer. Seromas is the most often MRM postoperative complications in breast cancer. The ideal skin flap fixation will minimize the discharge of seromas. Method: This research is an experimental research conducted in H. Adam Malik Hospital for one year. The samples were all female patients with breast cancer who went to H. Adam Malik Hospital performed MRM with and without skin flap fixation that meets the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The number of samples was 78 research subjects. The independent Variable is skin flap fixation and the dependent variable is the production of seroma. Patient characteristic data will be presented descriptively and statistically analyzed using bivariate pairs with the corresponding test. Result: The number of seromas using skin flap fixation is 212.82 and without a skin flap fixation is 357.66 with a value of p = 0.003 (p <0.05). Conclusion: There is a significant difference between the number of seromas in patients who performed modified radical mastectomy (MRM) with and without skin flap fixation.
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The development of preparations for specific prevention and treatment of anaerobic enterotoxemia and escherichiosis in calves
Gennadiy N. Spiridonov et al., Andrey I. Nikitin, Haris N. Makaev, Konstantin Kh. Papunidi, Albert N. Chernov, Gulnara H. Murtazina, Anton G. SpiridonovThe development of preparations for specific prevention and treatment of anaerobic enterotoxemia and escherichiosis in calves
The preparations for specific prevention and treatment of combined anaerobic enterotoxemia andescherichiosisin calves have not been developed. Taking it into account, the research on the development of combined vaccine, polyvalent hyperimmune therapeutic and preventive serum against these infections in calves was carried out.
When developing biological preparations, inactivated antigens of Clostridium perfringens of Serotypes A, C, D and Escherichia coli that synthesize adhesive antigens К99, A20were used. Harmlessness, antigenic and immunological activity, the therapeutic effectiveness of the developed biological preparations were determined in experiments in laboratory animals. On the farms with a high incidence of these infections, harmlessness and immunological effectiveness of the vaccine administered into down-calving cows and calves aged 15–18 days and therapeutic and preventive properties of hyperimmune serum in the treatment of calves aged 1–20 days were studied. After administering the vaccine into pregnant cows 50–60 days before calving and newborn calves aged 15–18 days for preventive purposes, the incidence of calves on the farms reduces by 4.6 times, their survival increases by 16.6%. The application of the hyperimmune serum obtained by hyperimmunization of stud bulls with inactivated antigens of C. perfringens and E. coli bacteria for therapeutic purposes allow you to cure 93.0% of calves diseased with anaerobic enterotoxemia and escherichiosis that is 13.6% higher than in the case of treatment of diseased calves with gentamicin and streptomycin. In the group of the calves treated with preventive hyperimmune serum, 29.6% of the animals fell ill, and 5.7% of the animals died, whereas in the control group82.7% of intact calves became ill and 17.3% of diseased calves died. Based on the results of laboratory and on-farm experiments on testing the developed biological preparations, normative documents regulating their production and application were developed and approved by the Scientific Council of the FGBI “Federal Centre for Animal Health” and the Rossel khoznadzor with the aim to implement them in veterinary practice. The novelty of the developed therapeutic and preventive preparations is confirmed by the invention patents of the Russian Federation No. 2428202 and No. 2523389.
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Early diagnosis of radiation injuries by methods of immunochemical and EPR analyses
Gennadiy V. Konyukhov et al., Ramzi N. Nizamov, Natalya B. Tarasova, Rimma V. Nefedova, Vladimir Yu. Petukhov, Maryam I. Ibragimova, Galiya R. YusupovaEarly diagnosis of radiation injuries by methods of immunochemical and EPR analyses
The diagnosis of radiation injuries involves a complex of clinical and hematological, biochemical, cytomorphological, and other tests. None of these methods, however, allows the objectives of diagnosis, rapid assessment of severity, and prognosis of radiation injuries to be achieved.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the possibility of using immunochemical test methods; indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and a physical method (electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR)) for the rapid diagnosis of radiation injuries. Antigens (radiotoxic of quinoid nature), globulins derived from hyperimmunized rabbits and sheep, erythrocyte and enzyme-labeled conjugates were used as specific components. Sensitization of erythrocytes and labeling of globulins with enzyme horseradish peroxidase were carried out in accordance with methods applied in immunochemistry. After having been tested for activity, specificity, and stability, the diagnostics were used in immunochemical test systems for indicating radiotoxic in the blood serum, tissues, and organs of irradiated animals. To confirm the results of the immunochemical tests, physical analysis of the samples was performed in parallel by the method of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR).
According to the outcomes of the study, it is as early as on day 1–3after radiation exposure that radiotoxic with titers in the range of 1:4–1:16aredetected in the animal blood serum byELISA and IHA test systems. As acute radiation syndrome (ARS) develops, the antigen titers increase; at higher titer values (1:16–1:32) ARSappears in its severe and fatal form.
Due to their high activity and specificity, the produced antiradiation diagnostics, and EPR test is applicable for the indication of radiation and toxic antigens in animal blood serum, lifetime diagnosis and prognosis of ARS, as well as for indicating toxic compounds in the meat and meat from irradiated animals.
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The relationship between hospital employees' achievement motivation and quality of working life with moderating role of job class: a multigroup analysis
Mohammad Ali Jahani, Fahimeh Hoseinian Rostami, Ghahraman Mahmoudi, Mohammad Amin BahramiThe relationship between hospital employees' achievement motivation and quality of working life with moderating role of job class: a multigroup analysis
Background: Quality of working life results in employees' motivation of working and their demand to turn over and self-efficacy. This study aimed at determining the possible relationship between achievement motivation and the quality of working life with the moderating role of job class (therapeutic vs. non-therapeutic) among hospital staff working in some selected hospitals located in Mazandaran State, Iran. Materials and Methods: This is a correlational study with a descriptively applied research conducted in 2016. The study population included all 2,927 hospital employees working in selected hospitals located in Mazandaran state, Iran. Using Cochran's sample size formula, 341 employees were selected as randomly using stratified sampling technique by their working hospital type. The research instrument was the Persian-versions of three standard questionnaires including Herman's Achievement Motivation questionnaire, Walton's Quality of Working Life Questionnaire, and General Self-efficacy Questionnaire. Some descriptive and inferential statistics techniques were used for data analyses by applying AMOS and SPSS 19.
Results: Regarding therapeutic job group, the standard regression coefficient between achievement motivation and self-efficacy was statistically significant (β= .58, t= 3.78, p= .0009). In addition, the standardized coefficient between the quality of working life and self-efficacy was statistically significant in this job class (β = .38, t= 3.77, p= .0009). Considering non-therapeutic job group, the standardized coefficient between achievement motivation and self-efficacy was not statistically significant (β = .22, t= 1.53, p= .125). Conclusion: The moderating effect of the job class was more powerful among non-therapeutic employees. Empowering hospital employees is needed, and some training opportunities need to be provided for them.
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The expression of miR-125b, miR-9 and miR-22 oncomiRs in exosomes derived from Jurkat and NB4 cell lines
Sima Taghizadeh, Saeid Kaviani, Amir AtashiThe expression of miR-125b, miR-9 and miR-22 oncomiRs in exosomes derived from Jurkat and NB4 cell lines
Exosomes are nanoparticles released by many types of normal and cancer cells into environment including blood and intracellular fluid. Exosomes have potential ability to be published and be circulated in the body fluid, and its structure allows them to carry cargo well to the target cell. The presence of various bioactive molecules of growth factors, types of signaling molecules, DNA, mRNA and sequences of micro-RNA(miRNA), in content of exosome’s cargo are clearly demonstrated. Here, we evaluated presence of miR-125b, miR-9, miR-22 oncomiRs in the exosomes derived from myeloid and lymphoid cell lines.
The exosomes of Jurkat and NB4 cell lines, that lymphoid and myeloid were representative was assessed by Real-Time PCR. The results showed that miR-125b, miR-9 and miR-22 oncomiRs, was expressed in Jurkat and NB4 cells, and also in their exosomes. But the presence of miR-22 in exosomes derived from Jurkat was not detected. Regarding to current findings namely presence of oncomiRs in exosomes-derived cancer cells, more studies recommended to evaluate probable oncogenesis in exosomes- receiving cells. Also, the application of exosomes from normal cell to induce apoptosis in leukemic cells could be verified.Full Article (HTML) | download PDF
Blighted Ovum: Roles of human leukocyte antigen-E and natural killer cells
Sri Sulistyowati, Febri Rahadian, Supriyadi Hari Respati, Soetrisno SoetrisnoBlighted Ovum: Roles of human leukocyte antigen-E and natural killer cells
Background: The failure of premature conception product is a specific problem for pregnant women. Blighted Ovum occurred in 37.5% of early pregnancy failure. About 15% of Blighted Ovum is caused by disorders of the immune system. Human Leukocyte Antigen-E and Natural Killer Cell are supposed to be the main factors of this pathomechanism.
Objective: To determine the expression of Human Leukocyte Antigen-E and Natural Killer Cell cells in the Blighted Ovum and normal pregnancy.
Methods: Observational analytic with cross sectional approach. Thirty-two samples were divided into two groups: 16 samples of Blighted Ovum group and 16 samples of normal pregnancy group. Human Leukocyte Antigen-E and Natural Killer Cell cells in trophoblast of both groups were examined with immunohistochemical methods and statistical analysis that was done by t-test.
Results: The mean of expression of Human Leukocyte Antigen-E in the group of Blighted Ovum are 75.15±6:30, normal pregnancy are 83.13±11:26, p-value=0:02 (P <0.05). The mean of expression of NK cells in the group of a normal pregnancy is 79.72±6.63, while the mean of expression of NK cells in Blighted Ovum is 93.88±14.08, p-value=0.00 (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The expression of HLA-E was lower, and NK cells were higher in Blighted Ovum when compared with normal pregnancy.
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The use of a 49.6 kDa pili protein of Helicobacter pylori for serological diagnosis in mice
Hamong Suharsono, I Wayan Masa Tenaya, Sumarno Reto PrawiroThe use of a 49.6 kDa pili protein of Helicobacter pylori for serological diagnosis in mice
Bacterial culture is currently not recommended for routine evaluation of H. pylori infection in humans. For this reason, serological techniques play a critical role in diagnosing H. pylori infection in humans, particularly for initial pre-endoscopy or pre-treatment screening in dyspeptic patients. However, several current “in-office” tests appear to be less accurate or would need further validation before being recommended for use in a primary clinical care level. Preparation of specific and immunogenic antigens is an important step to improve the sensitivity and specificity of serologic assays, particularly for confirming the peptic ulcer status. The purpose of this study was to use a sub-unit protein of H. pylori with a molecular mass of about 49.6 kDa for the evaluation of H. pylori infection in mice. Fifty mice were orally infected with live H. pylori, and a similar number of mice were only orally given sterile phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). This process was repeated three times with a three-day interval between each administration, and blood samples were collected before and after each infection. The sera were tested using dot blot and ELISA. Seroconversion was detected two weeks after infection, and ELISA showed 98% for both its sensitivity and specificity. This study has indicated that the 49.6 kDa subunit pili proteins recognized homologous antibodies against the microorganism. Further studies are required to confirm the reaction of this protein against serum originated from H. pylori-infected human.
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Blood superoxide dismutase (SOD) level has a negative correlation with dry eye (DE) degree
Niti K. Susila, N. M. Mahayani, A. A. Triningrat, I. G. Widiana, A. A. Djelantik, W. G. JayanegaraBlood superoxide dismutase (SOD) level has a negative correlation with dry eye (DE) degree
Background: The therapy for dry eye (DE) remains controversial. Some studies concluded that the ideal therapy for DE is based etiopathogenesis. Dry eye is caused by a decrease in antioxidant level; one of them is superoxide dismutase (SOD). This study assessed the correlation between SOD level and DE degree as therapy based on the etiopathogenesis of DE.
Method: This study was a cross-sectional study in Sanglah eye clinic, in January until June 2016, with a total of 51 samples with DE. The samples were categorized based on DE degree, namely 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 respectively. The SOD serum examination was performed on each group. Correlation between SOD level and DE degree was analyzed with Pearson correlation test.
Results: This study obtained data on sex, age, history of diabetes mellitus, history of smoking, and history of ocular surgery from five groups of DE in homogeneity. There was a negative correlation between SOD level and DE degree (r = -0.373; p = 0.007).
Conclusion: SOD level has a negative correlation with DE degree.
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Hyperuricemia as predictor of in-hospital major adverse cardiac events in patients with acute myocardial infarction treated at Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar-Bali
Rani Paramitha Maliawan, Deo Idarto, AA Dwi Adelia Yasmin, IGN Putra GunadhiHyperuricemia as predictor of in-hospital major adverse cardiac events in patients with acute myocardial infarction treated at Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar-Bali
Background: Even though hyperuricemia has been shown to have roles in the formation of atherosclerosis and increasing incidence of coronary heart disease, its role in predicting prognosis in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients has not been widely studied.
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the role of hyperuricemia as a predictor of in-hospital major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and to determine the MACE-free survival difference between hyperuricemia and normouricemia patients with AMI who were hospitalized at Sanglah General Hospital.
Methods: Prospective cohort study with consecutive sampling was conducted in AMI patients who were treated at Sanglah General Hospital from November 2016 until February 2017. Uric acid level was measured at the first admission and MACE during hospitalization was observed.
Results: Eighty-seven patients were involved in this study. We found adjusted HR 1.875 (p=0.041; 95% CI 1.026-3.428) for the development of in-hospital MACE. There was a significant difference (log-rank test p=0.03) in MACE-free survival between hyperuricemia (mean survival 17.25 hours) and normouricemia (mean survival 43.389 hours) groups.
Conclusion: Hyperuricemia is an independent predictor of in-hospital MACE in AMI patients hospitalized at Sanglah General Hospital. Event-free survival of hyperuricemic patients is worse compared to normouricemia patients during hospitalization.
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Greater carotid intima-media thickness in elderly patients compare to the non-elderly regular hemodialysis patients
Ketut Gede Wiradharma, R. A. Tuty Kuswardhani, Yenny KandariniGreater carotid intima-media thickness in elderly patients compare to the non-elderly regular hemodialysis patients
Background: Age is a factor contributing to atherosclerosis. The elderly was shown to have a higher atherosclerosis incidence. But the studies in the hemodialysis patients were still limited. Objective: Through the examination of carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), we investigated whether the atherosclerosis was more severe in the elderly than the non-elderly on regular hemodialysis. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at our hemodialysis unit in Sanglah General Hospital from May to June 2016. All regular hemodialysis patients over 18 years old were recruited. But, patients with a malignancy, severe anemia, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an acute infection, a liver function abnormality, a history of long-term steroid therapy, or patients who smoked tobacco were excluded. We examined the CIMT using a grayscale ultrasound. An independent t-test analysis was used to compare the CIMT means of the elderly and the non-elderly patients. Results: Our sample consisted of 30 elderly and 30 non-elderly hemodialysis patients. It was found that the CIMT mean in the elderly was significantly higher than in the non-elderly (0.73±0.1 mm versus 0.58±0.09 mm, p<0.001). Conclusion: More severe atherosclerosis was found in the regular hemodialysis patients in their late life.
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Blood glucose and lipid profile in patients with diabetic foot ulcer that underwent hyperbaric oxygen therapy
I Nyoman Semadi, Hendry IrawanBlood glucose and lipid profile in patients with diabetic foot ulcer that underwent hyperbaric oxygen therapy
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Effect of cognitive-behavioral therapy and spiritual-religious intervention on improving coping responses and quality of life among women with breast cancer in Tehran
Shahrbanoo Ghahari, Rahele Fallah, Mohammad Mazloumi Rad, Nazanin Farrokhi, Jafar Bolhari, Mehdi Mousavi, Zahra Razzaghi, Mohammad Esmaeel AkbariEffect of cognitive-behavioral therapy and spiritual-religious intervention on improving coping responses and quality of life among women with breast cancer in Tehran
Objective: Coping and quality of life are important health issues in breast cancer survivors. The present study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of two of the most relevant interventions including cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and spiritual-religious intervention in improvement of coping responses and quality of life among women surviving from breast cancer.
Methods: This was a semi-experimental study. Forty-five breast cancer survivors referred to Cancer Research Center at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in Tehran, Iran were assigned into three groups randomly (CBT group, Spiritual- religious group, and control group). The interventions were applied over eight sessions of cognitive-behavioral therapy or spiritual-religious intervention based on their group. The participants were evaluated through the Quality of Life questionnaire published by European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (QLQ-30C-ver3) andBillings and Moss CopingResponses inventory (CRI). The data were analyzed usingcovariance.
Results: Although both interventiongroupsimproved in coping and quality of life, the results were notstatisticallysignificant.
Conclusion: The participants' survival problems, motivational fluctuation, and inefficacy of classic intervention protocols seem effective in this result. Hence, more research to assess the effectiveness of psychological interventions such as CBT and spiritual-religious intervention in this group is recommended. Additional studies will help us to identify the best interventional methods to alleviate breast cancer survivors’ sufferings and promote their mental strength.Full Article (HTML) | download PDF
Non-eosinophilic occupational asthma due to exposure of merbau and bangkirai wood.
Ida Bagus Ngurah Rai, Ketut Suryana, I Gusti Bagus Ngurah Artana, Ida Ayu Jasminarti Dwi KusumawardaniNon-eosinophilic occupational asthma due to exposure of merbau and bangkirai wood.
Objectives: To evaluate association between wood dust exposure and occupational asthma, and investigate immunopathogenesis behind the disease by examining IgE, CD4, and eosinophil level.
Methods: Subjects diagnosed with occupational asthma using Work Related Asthma Questionnaire and PEFR variability for two weeks. Wood dust exposure measured by personal dust sampler for two days during working time.
Results: Among 104 samples, 17 % diagnosed with occupational asthma. Analysis showed that there were correlation between wood dust exposure and occupational asthma ( r) = 0,384; p = 0,000). ROC methods revealed that wood dust exposure 70,5 mg/m3/year associated with greater risk of occupational asthma, with sensitivity of 87,5 % and specificity 75 %. Wood dust exposure was significantly correlated with serum CD4 level, r 0,455, p 0,000. Eosinophil level did not correlate with CD4 level nor wood dust exposure.
Conclusion: Merbau and bangkirai wood dust exposure is one of risk factor of occupational asthma. Occupational asthma due to these wood exposure is a non eosinophilic mechanism, and associated with elevated of CD4 serum level.
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Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α), Nuclear Factor of kappa B (NF-kB) p65 and Calcineurin Expression play a role in the regulation of muscle regeneration process through aerobic exercise in HIV patients
Sri Mardjiati Mei Wulan, Hening Laswati, Windhu Purnomo, Alex Pangkahila, Nasronudin Nasronudin, Usman HadiTumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α), Nuclear Factor of kappa B (NF-kB) p65 and Calcineurin Expression play a role in the regulation of muscle regeneration process through aerobic exercise in HIV patients
Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection is a chronic disease with inflammatory conditions and experience progressive muscle wasting with increasing of tumor necrosis factor alpha. Physical exercise is a non-pharmacological therapy which stimulate the muscle regeneration. Moderate intensity of aerobic exercise is safe for human immunodeficiency virus patients. Whether tumor necrosis factor alpha plays a role in the process of muscle regeneration in human immunodeficiency virus infection who have had tumor necrosis factor alpha level higher
Objective: To explain the role of tumor necrosis factor alpha, NF-kappaB, and Calcineurin expression in the regulation of muscle regeneration process.Methods: Research subjects are population with clinical stage II human immunodeficiency virus infection. Subjects were grouped in to two: I (n = 9) as subjects who got aerobic exercise for 8 weeks and C (n = 9) as subjects who were observe for 8 weeks. Muscle samples were taken from the vastus lateralis muscle biopsies that were performed 24 hours after the last physical exercise. And the immunohistochemical examination was done with anti- tumor necrosis factor alpha monoclonal antibody, anti- NF-kappaB. and anti-calcineurin.
Results: The relationship of muscle contraction to Tumor necrosis factor alpha and calcineurin expression, and to the other myogenic factors was significant, but not to NF-kappaB p65 expression. NF-kappaB p65 has another path.Conclusion: Muscle regeneration process need TNF-alpha, and NF-kB p65 expression as regulators with TNF-alpha_NF-kB p65_myogenic factors as path of exercise and calcineurin expression as regulator with calcineurin_myogenic factors as path of exercise.Full Article (HTML) | download PDF
Moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaf powder to reduce the grade of liver injury of Wistar rat induced with mancozeb
Muhtar Muhtar, IGN Riwanto, Anies Anies, Ari SuwondoMoringa (Moringa oleifera) leaf powder to reduce the grade of liver injury of Wistar rat induced with mancozeb
Background: Liver is an organ that is the most frequently suffering injury due to poisoning chemical materials. Mancozeb (Mz) is one of the poisoning chemical materials that cause the liver injury (LI). Moringa leaf (Mo) contains antioxidant to muffle the free radical. The objective of this study is to know the effects of Mo leaf in reducing the level of LI of Wistar rat induced by Mz through antioxidant mechanism.
Method: In this experimental study, 24 Wistar rats were randomly classified. Group I was terminated in the beginning of the study as the basis of necrosis index. Group II was treated as the control group. Group III was exposure with Mz started at day 11 until day 20. Group IV was given Mo started at the day 1 until day 10 and prior to giving Mz until day 20. In the beginning and the end of the study, the blood of all rats in Group II, III, and IV was aspirated in order to measure the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The necrosis index was measured in the end of the study. The data were analyzed in unpaired t-test and linear regression.
Results: Group I and II did not experience LI. The increase of MDA level in Group IV (9.67 nmol/ml), which was lower (p=0.006) than Group III (45.05 nmol/ml). The decrease of level of GPx, CAT, and SOD in Group IV (0.07 nmol/ml; 0.48 nmol/ml; and 81.5 U/ml), which was lower (p=0.008; p=0.004; and p=0.0001) than Group III (0.23 nmol/ml; 0.86 nmol/ml; and 140.9 U/ml). The increase of necrosis index and ALT level in Group IV (4.42; 25.1 u/l) was lower (p=0.04; p=0.0001) than Group III (8.56 and 67.4 u/l). The result of multivariate test showed that the most beneficial towards the LI status was SOD.
Conclusion: It is proven that Mo can reduce the level of LI in Wistar rats induced by Mz through the emphasis of decrease rate of endogen antioxidant of SOD.
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Correlation between Otic Capsule Density and Serum 25(OH)D with hearing threshold in chronic kidney disease
Edi Handoko, Indrasworo Dyah, Sucipto Priyo Utomo, Andica ApriannisaCorrelation between Otic Capsule Density and Serum 25(OH)D with hearing threshold in chronic kidney disease
Background: Prevalence of hearing loss in chronic kidney disease is between 40–60%. Its pathomechanism has not been fully understood but could be related to temporal bone remodeling. The bone metabolism disorder in chronic kidney disease is also manifested in vitamin D deficiency. Purpose: This study aims to learn the correlation between otic capsule density and serum 25(OH)D with a hearing threshold in chronic kidney disease without hemodialysis. Method: An observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design involving 36 patients with stage 3 and 4 chronic kidney disease Hearing was examined with Interacoustics AA222 audiometer, otic capsule density was measured using Toshiba Aquilion 128 CT while vitamin D was assessed by ELISA using ORGENTEC 25-OH Vitamin D3/D2 Assay kit. Hearing loss was defined as a hearing threshold over 25 dB on the better hearing ear. Results: Hearing loss was found in 17 of 36 subjects (47.2%). On independent sample t-test, ears with HL(n=44) has lower otic capsule density than ears without (n=28) significantly (p< 0.05; ROI1: 1.867 ± 285 vs 2.095 ± 315 HU; ROI2: 1.864 ± 190 vs 2.051 ± 293 HU). Pearson test showed a significant negative correlation between otic capsule density and hearing threshold (p<0.05; ROI1: r=-0.427; ROI2: r=-0.402). Serum 25(OH)D was insignificantly lower in a subject with HL(n=17) than without (p>0.05; 16.45 ± 6.33 vs. 17.99 + 10.57 ng/mL) and no correlation was found to a hearing threshold in chronic kidney disease. Conclusion: Significant correlation was found between otic capsule density and hearing threshold in predialysis chronic kidney disease. There were no correlation between serum 25(OH)D and hearing threshold and therefore unsuitable as a biomarker for the aforementioned condition.
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Malarial risk factor identification in southern Minahasa, North Celebes Manado-Indonesia
Odi Roni Pinontoan, Maureen I. PunuhMalarial risk factor identification in southern Minahasa, North Celebes Manado-Indonesia
Background: Mosquito is known as a vector for several parasitic diseases particularly Malaria. Currently, it is still one of medical urgency and one of millennium development goal of WHO. There are many risk factors of Malaria but knowing which one poses the most risk for local people is deemed necessary. Methods: An observational-analytical case-control study was conducted in several regions of Southern Minahasa district evaluating several risk factors namely knowledge of Malaria, the presence of livestock pen, night-time activity, mosquito net usage, and house wall construction. All of the data were analyzed by using SPSS 16. Results: All of the variables examined showed significant association with the risk of Malaria. Low level of knowledge of Malaria, infrequent use of mosquito net and loose house wall construction were associated with higher risk for Malaria with house wall construction posed the greatest risk (OR:3,154; CI: 1,430-6,56). On the other hand, the presence of livestock pen and night time activity were associated with significantly lower risk of Malaria compared to control group (livestock pen: OR: 0,448; CI: 0,210-0,957; night-time activity: OR: 0,273; CI: 0,119-0,623). Conclusion: Low level of knowledge of Malaria, infrequent use of mosquito net and loose house wall construction appeared to increase the risk of Malaria but the presence of livestock pen and night time activity might act as protective factors in Southern Minahasa District, North Celebes, Indonesia.
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Open tibial shaft fracture treatment with plating within 6 hours and between 6-24 Hours after Injury
Hamid Pahlevanhosseini, Farhad Shahbazi-Bilehsavar, Seyyed Mohammad-Jalil Abrisham, Mohammad ShafieeOpen tibial shaft fracture treatment with plating within 6 hours and between 6-24 Hours after Injury
Background: Open tibial shaft fractures are usually complicated injuries that require the collaboration of a surgical team consisting of orthopedic, plastic, and vascular surgeons to control the inflicted harms. There are different fixation methods, such as plating. This study aimed at comparing open tibial shaft fracture treatment with plating within 6 hours and between 6-24 hours after injury.
Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 30 patients with open tibial shaft fracture (Gustilo Type I and Type II), admitted to the Shahid Rahnemoon Hospital in Yazd. The patients were divided into two groups. The first group was treated with plating within 6 hours after injury (Group 1). The second group was treated with plating between 6-24 hours after injury (Group 2). The outcome of patients in both groups in terms of infection, delayed union, non-union, malunion, and reoperation was determined. Finally, the results were statistically analyzed in SPSS18.
esults: The mean age of patients was 23.19±6 years. There was no significant relationship between the two groups in terms of age, sex, postoperative infection, need for reoperation, delayed union, and malunion (P-value>0.05).
Conclusion: According to our findings, plating within 6 hours and plating between 6-24 hours had not any differences in the rate of complications.
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Impact of endometriosis on work productivity and activity impairment: a descriptive literature review
Mohammad Amin Bahrami, Kefayat Chaman-Ara, Elham BahramiImpact of endometriosis on work productivity and activity impairment: a descriptive literature review
Introduction: Endometriosis is a common chronic condition which affects different aspects of patients’ life. This study was aimed to review the current literature about the impact of endometriosis on the work productivity of suffering patients.
Methods: We conducted a descriptive review of the literature on endometriosis impact on work productivity of suffering women. An electronic search was performed in Medline/ PubMed, Science direct, Embase, Scopus, Google scholar, Magiran, and SID (Scientific Information Database) up to January 10, 2017, using the text search terms “productivity,” “work productivity,” “job,” “job loss,” “job productivity,” “absenteeism,” “presenteeism,” “under working,” and “activity impairment” in combination with “endometriosis” and their Persian equivalents. The bibliographies of the articles located were searched manually. Peer-reviewed articles that have reported impacts of endometriosis on work productivity and activity impairment were assessed for eligibility. All studies that had reported the impacts of endometriosis on work productivity aspects were included in the review. Only those studies that used a work productivity and activity impairment survey were included in the study.
Results: A total of 2903 studies were retrieved in the initial search. After eligibility assessment, five studies were included in the study. From those, four studies have used work productivity and activity impairment (WPAI) survey, and one has evaluated the work records of patients. All of these studies have reported the negative effect of endometriosis and its related symptoms on work productivity and daily activity of women suffering from the disease.
Conclusion: The negative effects of endometriosis on the work productivity confirm its high socioeconomic burden for patients, their family, and the society at large. More investment in research to achieve the diagnosis protocols and treatment interventions is needed.
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A systematic review of factors influencing healthcare services marketing in Iran
Yaghoubi Maryam, Rafiei Sima, Khosravizadeh Omid, Mirbahaeddin Elmira, Jalilvand Mina, Sarkhosh Samaneh, Ezzatabadi Ranjbar MohammadA systematic review of factors influencing healthcare services marketing in Iran
Health services marketing is an integrated approach which consists of marketing principles based on scientific strategies mainly focus on health promotion and service recipients’ satisfaction through ensuring the congruence between customers’ needs and service provided features. In this systematic review study, we aimed to explore affecting factors on healthcare marketing in Iran. For this purpose, Pub Med, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Iranian databases such as SID, Iran Medex, Magiran, and Iran Doc were searched using relevant search terms linking healthcare marketing and associated factors for literature published from 2008 to 2016. After reviewing 968 records, 24 studies met inclusion criteria; among which the greatest number focused on appropriate communication between service providers and patients, quality of provided services, lower costs, service availability, credibility and continuity, quality of physical facilities and convenience as significant factors affecting healthcare marketing in Iran. Although a considerable amount of research has been done in this area, each focusing on a particular issue, this review tried to bring various research findings together. Due to the inadequate attention paid to health marketing principles in Iran health sector, many care providers are not able to benefit from related advantages. Therefore, identification of influencing factors and strengthening them can take important steps in this regard.
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Rabies post exposure prevention
Novie H RampenganRabies post exposure prevention
Rabies virus is found in large quantities in the saliva of infected animals, and transmission occurs almost exclusively through inoculation of the infected saliva through a bite or scratch from a rabid mammal. Initial aggressive management with adequate supportive therapy may help in the survival of the patient. Rabies is generally fatal, and neither rabies immunoglobulin (RIG) nor rabies vaccine provides benefit once symptoms have appeared. The three-pronged approaches to prevent death caused by rabies in humans are stray animal control, post-exposure prophylaxis, and prior vaccination of people with a higher risk of exposure. Modern rabies vaccines have been proven to be safe, well- tolerated, and highly effective in preventing rabies, even if administered after exposure to bites. PEP consists of wound cleaning, rabies vaccination, and passive immunization with rabies immune globulin (RIG), of which the most important treatment is rabies vaccination. Several regimens of rabies vaccination approved by WHO have shown to be immunogenic. Smaller doses and more advanced processing techniques have a relatively higher safety for the patients, especially for the young children. No significant differences in safety and immunogenicity between PVRV and PCECV both in Zagreb and Essen regimens. WHO recommends completing PEP against rabies with the same cell culture or embryonated egg rabies vaccine and with the same route of administration and any deviation from this shall be an exception. PEP was safe and effective despite changes in the route of administration and brand/ or type of rabies vaccine.
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Total hip arthroplasty performed in a 13-year-old Girl with avasvular necrosis (AVN) of the left hip: A case report
Komang Agung Irianto, Adrianto P PerbawaTotal hip arthroplasty performed in a 13-year-old Girl with avasvular necrosis (AVN) of the left hip: A case report
Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a commonly performed procedure in adults but rarely resorted to as a surgical option in the case of children. It is not only technical challenging, but the real staple is how to reach the decision. Until now arthrodesis is the primary option in the treatment plan for severe hip destruction. We are reporting the case of a 13-year-old girl who suffered left hip pain caused by unknown destruction of the joint. On physical examination, the girl presented a limping gait that was caused by severe pain and discrepancy between the lengths of both legs and also adduction contracture. The imaging suspected AVN feature without showing evidences for clear causal factors like Legg-Calve-Perthes disease (LCP), infection, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA), or slipped capital femoral epiphysiolysis (SCFE). We report a rare case of THA in girl who had had an unclear preoperative diagnostic.
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