Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer

Community behavioral change and attitudes on the health protocol during the Covid-19 vaccination period and level 1 restriction (PPKM)



Abstract

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/j5NtdcbvTE4

 

Background: Concern for behavior change in compliance with health protocols during this pandemic continues to increase, especially when the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccination is carried out. During the initial pandemic, the public perceived it as risky to be infected with COVID-19. However, this situation manifests itself in the emergence of a phase where public awareness of wearing masks, maintaining distance, and washing hands is decreasing. This study aimed to understand the impact of implementing the vaccine on the compliance behavior of wearing masks, washing hands, and keeping a distance, as well as attitudes towards behavior complying with health protocols during the COVID-19 vaccination period and the implementation of level 1 restriction on community activities (PPKM).

Method: We used a cross-sectional design, recruiting 110 respondents at the Menteng Primary Health Care Center, Palangka Raya City. Recruited patients were those over 18 years of age. This research instrument is an adaptation of several research questionnaires carried out in Indonesia, and we asked respondents using Indonesian.

Results: Of the 110 respondents, 59.1% were dominated by women, and 61.8% were in the 17-25 age group. A total of 106 respondents (96.4%) revealed that they had received information regarding health protocols. More than 70% obtained information from television (77.3%). Only half of the respondents received the 3rd dose or booster I. Knowledge was not the dominant factor influencing adherence to health protocols, but people's attitudes towards the Covid-19 health protocol. No relationship was found between knowledge and people's behavior toward health protocols.

Conclusion: Most of the respondents (80%) still adhere to health protocols as recommended by the government even though 74.5% of the people have received the 2nd and booster doses of the vaccine.

Keywords: Attitudes behavior health protocols PPKM level 1 vaccination COVID-19

References

  1. Keppres No. 7 Tahun 2020 tentang Gugus Tugas Percepatan Penanganan COVID-I9, (2020).
  2. Keppres No. 21 Tahun 2020 tentang PSBB dalam Rangka Penanganan COVID-19, (2020).
  3. Chu DK, Akl EA, Duda S, Solo K, Yaacoub S, Schunemann HJ, et al. Physical distancing, face masks, and eye protection to prevent person-to-person transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet. 2020;395(10242):1973-1987.
  4. Mallah N, Pardo-Seco J, Lopez-Perez LR, Gonzalez-Perez JM, Roson B, Otero-Barros MT, et al. Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine booster in the general population and in subjects with comorbidities. A population-based study in Spain. Environ Res. 2022;215(Pt 2):114252.
  5. Tjahjadi B, Soewarno N, Adibah Wan Ismail W, Kustiningsih N, Nasihatun Nafidah L. Community behaviour al change and management of COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from Indonesia. J King Saud Univ Sci. 2023;35(2):102451.
  6. Randall K, Ewing ET, Marr LC, Jimenez JL, Bourouiba L. How did we get here: what are droplets and aerosols and how far do they go A historical perspective on the transmission of respiratory infectious diseases. Interface Focus. 2021;11(6):1-10.
  7. von Seidlein L, Alabaster G, Deen J, Knudsen J. Crowding has consequences: Prevention and management of COVID-19 in informal urban settlements. Build Environ. 2021;188:107472.
  8. Aisyah DN, Kiasatina T, Gusti GI, Adisasmito W, Manikam L, Kozlakidis Z. Health protocol compliance integrated monitoring system to inform public health actions during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. The Lancet. 2021;398.
  9. Satgas-COVID. Situasi COVID-19 di Indonesia: update per 14 Februari 2023 Jakarta2023 [Available from: https://covid19.go.id/artikel/2023/02/14/situasi-covid-19-di-indonesia-update-14-februari-2023].
  10. Gilboa M, Regev-Yochay G, Mandelboim M, Indenbaum V, Asraf K, Fluss R, et al. Durability of immune response after COVID-19 booster vaccination and association with COVID-19 omicron infection. JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(9):e2231778.
  11. Kikut A, Clark D, Jesch E, Hornik R. Strengthened belief in vaccine effectiveness predicted increased COVID-19 vaccination intention and behaviour: Results from a nationally representative longitudinal survey of U.S. adults from July 2020 to April/May 2021. Vaccine. 2022;40(42):6035-6041.
  12. Sun Y, Huang SK, Arlikatti S, Lindell MK. What attributes influence rural household's willingness to get vaccinated for COVID-19? Perspectives from six Chinese townships. Vaccine. 2023;41(3):702-715.
  13. Levym DT, Miller TED. Review: risk compensation literature — the theory and evidence. Journal of Crash Prevention and Injury Control. 2000;2(1):75-86.
  14. Trogen B, Caplan A. Risk Compensation and COVID-19 Vaccines. Ann Intern Med. 2021;174(6):858-859.
  15. Sulistyowati R, Yani RWFF, Christyanni Y, Agus, Nusantoro DC. Education on the management of health protocols to avoid the transmission of COVID-19. J. Pengabdian Masyarakat dalam Kesehatan. 2021;3(2):45-50.
  16. Kalteng S-C. Peta Sebaran COVID per 11 September 2022 Kalteng2021 [Available from: https://corona.kalteng.go.id/].
  17. Dinkes-Kota-Palangka Raya. Profil Kesehatan Kota Palangka Raya Tahun 2020. Palangka Raya: Dinkes Kota Palangka Raya; 2021.
  18. Rambe HL. Hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap ibu tentang gizi terhadap tumbuh kembang anak balitanya di taman kanak-kanak imelda medan. Jurnal ilmuah kebidanan IMELDA. 2019;3(2):257-266.
  19. Ade Nur A. Determinan Penerapan Protokol Kesehatan Pada Masyarakat Kecamatan Nuha, Kabupaten Luwu Timur di Masa New Normal Pandemi Covid-19. Makasara: Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin; 2021.
  20. Azlan AA, Hamzah MR, Sern TJ, Ayub SH, Mohamad E. Public knowledge, attitudes and practices towards COVID-19: A cross-sectional study in Malaysia. PLoS One. 2020;15(5):e0233668.
  21. Zhong BL, Luo W, Li HM, Zhang QQ, Liu XG, Li WT, et al. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19 among Chinese residents during the rapid rise period of the COVID-19 outbreak: a quick online cross-sectional survey. Int J Biol Sci. 2020;16(10):1745-1752.
  22. Wati N, Helvia H, Ramon A, Yanuarti R, Oktarianita. Pengetahuan dan sikap terhadap perilaku pencegahan COVID-19. Jurnal Kesmas Asclepius. 2022;4(1):33-41.
  23. Civil-Registry-Service-Office-City-of-Palangka Raya. Citizen registry of Palangka Raya Palangka Raya: DUKCAPIL; 2022 [Available from: https://disdukcapil.Palangka Raya.go.id/wp-content/uploads/sites/74/2012/07/isi-agregat-semester-I-tahun-2022.pdf.
  24. Dwipayanti NMU, Lubis DS, Harjana NPA. Public perception and hand hygiene behaviour during COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Front Public Health. 2021;9:621800.
  25. Muslih M, Susanti HD, Rias YA, Chung M-H. Knowledge, attitude, and practice of indonesian residents toward COVID-19: a cross-sectional survey. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021;18(9):4473.
  26. Sulistyawati S, Rokhmayanti R, Aji B, Wijayanti SPM, Hastuti SKW, Sukesi TW, et al. Knowledge, attitudes, practices and information needs during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Risk Management and Healthcare Policy. 2021;14:163-175.
  27. UCLA. New estimates show unvaccinated adults least likely to wear a mask, engage in risk reduction behaviors. US: UCLA; 2022.
  28. Seres G, Balleyer A, Cerutti N, Friedrichsen J, Suer M. Face mask use and physical distancing before and after mandatory masking: no evidence on risk compensation in public waiting lines. J Econ Behav Organ. 2021;192:765-781.
  29. Hall PA, Meng G, Sakib MN, Quah ACK, Agar T, Fong GT. Do the vaccinated perform less distancing, mask wearing and hand hygiene? A test of the risk compensation hypothesis in a representative sample during the COVID-19 pandemic. Vaccine. 2022:S0264-410X(22)01289-0.
  30. Bavel JJV, Baicker K, Boggio PS, Capraro V, Cichocka A, Cikara M, et al. Using social and behavioural science to support COVID-19 pandemic response. Nat Hum Behav. 2020;4(5):460-471.
  31. Klein CTF, Helweg-Larsen M. Perceived control and the optimistic bias: a meta-analytic review. Psychology & Health. 2002;17(4):437-446.
  32. Nie J, Shi J, Duan X, Wang B, Huang N, Zhao X. Health risk assessment of dietary exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Taiyuan, China. Journal of Environmental Sciences. 2014;26(2):432-439.
  33. Manuaba IBAP, Supadmanaba IGP, Darmayani IGAS, Sindhughosa DA, Yani MVW. Medical education system in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic: what has been changed from the past era?. Bali Med J. 2022;11(1):7-10.
  34. Bearth A, Luchsinger L, Siegrist M. Reactions of older Swiss adults to the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal survey on the acceptance of and adherence to public health measures. Soc Sci Med. 2021;280:114039.
  35. Manuaba IBAP, Darmayani IGAS, Sindhughosa DA, Yani MVW, Remitha NPSI, Sasmana IGAP, Sudira PG, Supadmanaba IGP. Levels of anxiety and depression of students and responses to online learning methods during the COVID-19 pandemic. Bali Med J. 2023;12(1):550-555.
  36. Sadarangani M, Marchant A, Kollmann TR. Immunological mechanisms of vaccine-induced protection against COVID-19 in humans. Nat Rev Immunol. 2021;21(8):475-484.
  37. Nie Z, Xu L, Zhang H, Cao Y, Zhang C, Pan J, et al. Crowding and vaccination: tourist's two-sided perception on crowding and the moderating effect of vaccination status during COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management. 2022;24:100705.

How to Cite

Sulistyowati, R. ., Khoirunnisa, Ardiyani, V. D. ., & Syam’ani. (2023). Community behavioral change and attitudes on the health protocol during the Covid-19 vaccination period and level 1 restriction (PPKM). Bali Medical Journal, 12(2), 1470–1477. https://doi.org/10.15562/bmj.v12i2.4269
ACM ACS APA ABNT Chicago Harvard IEEE MLA Turabian Vancouver
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

HTML
0

Total
0

Share

Search Panel

Reny Sulistyowati
Google Scholar
Pubmed
BMJ Journal

Khoirunnisa
Google Scholar
Pubmed
BMJ Journal

Vissia Didin Ardiyani
Google Scholar
Pubmed
BMJ Journal

Syam’ani
Google Scholar
Pubmed
BMJ Journal